The ASEAN Economic Community and the RCEP in the world economy

Figures & data

Figure 1. Schematic of Main Car and Parts Complementation at Toyota IMV

Source: Author based on interviews.

Figure 2. Framework of East Asian Regional Cooperation Centering on ASEAN

Source: Author based on interviews. Notes: ASEAN: Association of Southeast Asian Nations; AFTA: ASEAN Free Trade Area; RCEP: Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership; PMC: ASEAN Post Ministerial Conference; ARF: ASEAN Regional Forum; CPTPP: Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership; APEC: Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation; FTAAP: Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific.

Table 1. AEC 2015 (2007) and AEC 2025 (2015)

AEC 2015 (2007)	AEC 2025 (2015)
A. Single Market and Production Base A1 Free Flow of Goods A2 Free Flow of Services A3 Free Flow of Investment A4 Freer Flow of Capital A5 Free Flow of Skilled Labor A6 Priority Integration Sectors A7 Food, Agriculture and Forestry	A. Highly Integrated and Cohesive Economy A1 Trade in Goods A2 Trade in Services A3 Investment Environment A4 Financial Integration, Financial Inclusion, and Financial Stability A5 Facilitating Movement of Skilled Labor and Business Visitors A6 Enhancing Participation in Global Value Chains
B. Competitive Economic Region B1 Competition Policy B2 Consumer Protection B3 Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) B4 Infrastructure Development B5 Taxation B6 E-Commerce	B. A Competitive, Innovative and Dynamic ASEAN B1 Effective Competition Policy B2 Consumer Protection B3 Strengthening Intellectual Property Rights Cooperation B4 Productivity-Driven Growth, Innovation, Research and Development, and Technology Commercialization B5 Taxation Cooperation B6 Good Governance B7 Effective, Efficient, Coherent and Responsive Regulations, and Good Regulatory Practice B8 Sustainable Economic Development B9 Global Megatrends and Emerging Trade-Related Issues
	C. Enhanced Connectivity and Sectoral Cooperation C1 Transport C2 Information and Communications Technology C3 E-Commerce C4 Energy C5 Food, Agriculture and Forestry C6 Tourism C7 Healthcare C8 Minerals C9 Science and Technology
C. Equitable Economic Development C1 SME development C2 Initiative for ASEAN Integration (IAI)	D. A Resilient, Inclusive, People-Oriented and People-Centered ASEAN D1 Strengthening the Role of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises D2 Strengthening the Role of the Private Sector D3 Public–Private Partnerships D4 Narrowing the Development Gap D5 Contribution of Stakeholders on Regional Integration Efforts
D. Integration into the Global Economy D1 Coherent Approach toward External Economic Relations D2 Enhanced Participation in Global Supply Networks	E. A Global ASEAN Steady progress toward integrating the region into the global economy through FTAs and comprehensive economic partnership agreements (CEPs), etc.

Source: ASEAN Secretariat, ASEAN Economic Community Blueprint; ASEAN Secretariat, ASEAN 2025: Forging Ahead Together.

Table 2. The Chapters of the RCEP Agreement

Preamble

Chapter 1 Initial Provisions and General Definitions

Chapter 2 Trade in Goods

Chapter 3 Rules of Origin

Chapter 4 Customs Procedures and Trade Facilitation

Chapter 5 Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures

Chapter 6 Standards, Technical Regulations, and Conformity Assessment Procedures

Chapter 7 Trade Remedies

Chapter 8 Trade in Services (Telecommunications Services)

Chapter 9 Temporary Movement of Natural Persons

Chapter 10 Investment

Chapter 11 Intellectual Property

Chapter 12 Electronic Commerce

Chapter 13 Competition

Chapter 14 Small and Medium Enterprises

Chapter 15 Economic and Technical Cooperation

Chapter 16 Government Procurement

Chapter 17 General Provisions and Exceptions

Chapter 18 Institutional Provisions

Chapter 19 Dispute Settlement

Chapter 20 Final Provisions

Source: “Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement.”