School and home-based responding in an online youth crime survey: A natural experiment related to school lockdown in spring 2020

Figures & data

Table 1. Composition of FSRD population before and during the lockdown (2016 as a comparison year).

		Before	During	Change	Dif. in change
Urban school, %	2016	35.4	44.5	9.1	−30.1
	2020	41.7	20.7	−21
Males %	2016	48.6	50.3	1.7	−7.7**
	2020	50.2	44.2	−6
15 year olds %	2016	78.4	66.5	−11.9	−4.5
	2020	79.3	62.9	−16.4
Low maths grade %	2016	22.2	22.8	0.6	−4.6
	2020	19.7	15.7	−4
Low self-control	2016	22	21.8	−0.2	−2.9
	2020	23.6	20.5	−3.1
Non-nuclear family %	2016	34.9	34.8	−0.1	−0.3
	2020	34	33.6	−0.4
Low parental control, %	2016	30.4	30.5	0.1	−3.3
	2020	27.5	24.3	−3.2
Father unemployed or laid off %	2016	5.3	6	0.7	0.4
	2020	2.8	3.9	1.1
Father born abroad %	2016	8.2	8	−0.2	1.1
	2020	8.1	9	0.9
More than 3 siblings %	2016	17	16.7	−0.3	2.9
	2020	18.3	20.9	2.6
Family economy worse %	2016	18.9	22.5	3.6	0.2
	2020	15.5	19.3	3.8
Own money situation worse %	2016	24.1	27.8	3.7	1.6
	2020	20.9	26.2	5.3

Note. N 2016 before = 4065, during = 1 890; N 2020 before = 4 717, during = 786, Dif. in change = change in 2020 – change in 2016, ***p < .001, **p > .01, *p < .05

Figure 1. Predicted prevalence of offending by response period and year, net of compositional changes. Note the different scales of vertical axes.

Table

	2016				2020
	Before	During		p	Before	During		p
Truancy	24.5	28.1**		0.003	23.9	18.1**		0.000
Graffiti	7.1	6.1		0.166	8.1	5.7*		0.022
Shoplifiting	5.1	5.3		0.743	6.7	3.8**		0.002
Theft from school	11.0	11.0		0.986	13.9	8.7**		0.000
Other theft	2.7	3.4		0.147	5.0	2.5**		0.002
Breaking and entering	4.2	3.7		0.310	5.8	3.3**		0.004
Illegal downloading	24.0	24.3		0.798	24.7	21.0*		0.026
Bullying	6.2	7.4		0.094	5.7	3.9*		0.040
Electronic bullying	7.0	7.7		0.378	9.9	5.3**		0.000
Taking part in a fight	6.6	7.0		0.572	7.4	5.1*		0.017
Assault	4.2	4.3		0.923	4.4	2.8*		0.039
Robbery/extortion	1.6	1.6		0.962	1.8	1.1		0.166
Carrying a weapon	5.4	5.2		0.752	6.3	5.1		0.199
Drunkenness	35.3	35.6		0.820	38.6	34.2*		0.020
Drunken driving	7.1	6.3		0.311	7.3	5.5		0.064
Marihuana or hashis	5.5	5.4		0.891	7.5	5.1*		0.016
Other drugs	1.9	1.5		0.299	2.9	2.4		0.428
N	4065	1890		5955	4717	786		5503

Note. * = p < .05, ** = p < .01, *** = p < .001

Table

	OR	SE	Sig.	AME
Truancy	0.59	0.10	.001	−.089
Graffiti	0.81	0.25	.488	−.013
Shoplifting	0.49	0.15	.021	−.036
Theft from school	0.60	0.13	.019	−.051
Other theft	0.43	0.13	.006	−.028
Breaking & entering	0.66	0.20	.163	−.017
Illegal downloading	0.84	0.14	.321	−.029
Bullying	0.52	0.14	.015	−.035
Taking part in a fight	0.67	0.18	.149	−.023
Assault	0.62	0.19	.110	−.018
Robbery & extortion	0.55	0.31	.286	−.009
Weapon carrying	0.96	0.26	.866	−.002
Electronic bullying	0.46	0.13	.004	−.053
Drunkenness	0.79	0.13	.149	−.050
Drunken driving	0.81	0.19	.374	−.013
Cannabis use	0.76	0.21	.311	−.015
Use of other drugs	1.13	0.44	.755	.002

Note. AME = population average marginal effects