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Special Issue for the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals

Estimating growth, loss and potential carbon sequestration of farmed kelp: a case study of Saccharina latissima at Strangford Lough, Northern Ireland

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Pages 324-339 | Received 06 Oct 2021, Accepted 19 May 2022, Published online: 01 Aug 2022

Figures & data

Figure 1. Location of experimental seaweed farm at Strangford Lough, Northern Ireland.

Figure 1. Location of experimental seaweed farm at Strangford Lough, Northern Ireland.

Figure 2. Mean biomass accrual (±S.E.) (n = 5–15) of individual sporophytes of Saccharina latissima (g wet biomass day−1). Cultivation period 1, January 2016–June 2016: ●. Cultivation period 2, October 2016–September 2017: ▲, Locally weighted smoothing line applied shows the local mean.

Figure 2. Mean biomass accrual (±S.E.) (n = 5–15) of individual sporophytes of Saccharina latissima (g wet biomass day−1). Cultivation period 1, January 2016–June 2016: ●. Cultivation period 2, October 2016–September 2017: ▲, Locally weighted smoothing line applied shows the local mean.

Figure 3. Relationship between the wet biomass and maximum length of sporophytes of Saccharina latissima (n = 231) from all individuals sampled across both cultivation periods.

Figure 3. Relationship between the wet biomass and maximum length of sporophytes of Saccharina latissima (n = 231) from all individuals sampled across both cultivation periods.

Figure 4. Mean (± S.E.) number of individuals of Saccharina latissima per 30 cm of mariculture rope (n = 5–15). Cultivation period 1, January 2016–June 2016: ●. Cultivation period 2, October 2016–September 2017: ▲, Locally weighted smoothing line shows the local mean ± 1.96 S.D.

Figure 4. Mean (± S.E.) number of individuals of Saccharina latissima per 30 cm of mariculture rope (n = 5–15). Cultivation period 1, January 2016–June 2016: ●. Cultivation period 2, October 2016–September 2017: ▲, Locally weighted smoothing line shows the local mean ± 1.96 S.D.

Figure 5. a) Median (± IQ range) mass of carbon lost through blade fall-off and exudation, and b) erosion per longline sampled across both trials (n = 10). c) Median (± IQ range) mass of carbon fixed in biomass and d) harvested per longline sampled across both trials (n = 10).

Figure 5. a) Median (± IQ range) mass of carbon lost through blade fall-off and exudation, and b) erosion per longline sampled across both trials (n = 10). c) Median (± IQ range) mass of carbon fixed in biomass and d) harvested per longline sampled across both trials (n = 10).

Figure 6. Mean percentage of net primary productivity (NPP) lost through either blade fall-off or exudation per longline sampled across both trials (n = 10) versus mean NPP per longline across both trials. Exudation: □. Fall-off: ●.

Figure 6. Mean percentage of net primary productivity (NPP) lost through either blade fall-off or exudation per longline sampled across both trials (n = 10) versus mean NPP per longline across both trials. Exudation: □. Fall-off: ●.

Figure 7. Mean (± S.E) daily carbon exudation rate (n = 36) versus daily growth rate of individual Saccharina latissima sporophytes. Locally weighted smoothing line applied shows the local mean.

Figure 7. Mean (± S.E) daily carbon exudation rate (n = 36) versus daily growth rate of individual Saccharina latissima sporophytes. Locally weighted smoothing line applied shows the local mean.

Figure 8. Median concentrations of nitrate, nitrite and phosphate in surface waters at the Saccharina latissima farm, Strangford Lough. n = 12 water samples at each date.

Figure 8. Median concentrations of nitrate, nitrite and phosphate in surface waters at the Saccharina latissima farm, Strangford Lough. n = 12 water samples at each date.