Scale in studies of pre-colonial forests: a reply to Armstrong et al

Figures & data

Figure 1. Forest clearance by the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife (MassWildlife), as part of a ~ 200-ha ‘barrens restoration project’ in the Muddy Brook Wildlife Management Area, central Massachusetts, March 2020. MassWildlife commonly uses logging, prescribed fire, and herbicide treatments on public lands across Massachusetts, despite the fact that paleoecological records show closed-canopy forests prior to European colonization and deforestation (Oswald et al. 2020a). Photo by Chris Matera.

Oswald WW, Foster DR, Shuman BN, Chilton ES, Doucette DL, Duranleau DL. 2020a. Conservation implications of limited Native American impacts in pre-contact New England. Nat Sustain. 3(3):241–246. doi: 10.1038/s41893-019-0466-0.

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