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Standards of Care for the Health of Transgender and Gender Diverse People, Version 8
E. Coleman1 Institute for Sexual and Gender Health, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
, A. E. Radix2 Callen-Lorde Community Health Center, New York, NY, USA;3 Department of Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
, W. P. Bouman4 Nottingham Centre for Transgender Health, Nottingham, UK;5 School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
, G. R. Brown6 James H. Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA;7 James H. Quillen VAMC, Johnson City, TN, USA
, A. L. C. de Vries8 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands;9 Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
, M. B. Deutsch10 Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of California—San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA;11 UCSF Gender Affirming Health Program, San Francisco, CA, USA
, R. Ettner12 New Health Foundation Worldwide, Evanston, IL, USA;13 Weiss Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA
, L. Fraser14 Independent Practice, San Francisco, CA, USA
, M. Goodman15 Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
, J. Green16 Independent Scholar, Vancouver, WA, USA
, A. B. Hancock17 The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
, T. W. Johnson18 Department of Anthropology, California State University, Chico, CA, USA
, D. H. Karasic19 University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA;20 Independent Practice at dankarasic.com
, G. A. Knudson21 University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada;22 Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, Canada
, S. F. Leibowitz23 Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
, H. F. L. Meyer-Bahlburg24 New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA;25 Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
, S. J. Monstrey26 Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium
, J. Motmans27 Transgender Infopunt, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium;28 Centre for Research on Culture and Gender, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
, L. Nahata29 Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA;30 Endocrinology and Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
, T. O. Nieder31 University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Interdisciplinary Transgender Health Care Center Hamburg, Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine and Forensic Psychiatry, Hamburg, Germany
, S. L. Reisner32 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;33 Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
, C. Richards34 Regents University London, UK;35 Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
, L. S. Schechter36 Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
, V. Tangpricha37 Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA;38 Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
, A. C. Tishelman39 Boston College, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
, M. A. A. Van Trotsenburg40 Bureau GenderPRO, Vienna, Austria;41 University Hospital Lilienfeld—St. Pölten, St. Pölten, Austria
, S. Winter42 School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
, K. Ducheny43 Howard Brown Health, Chicago, IL, USA
, N. J. Adams44 University of Toronto, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, Toronto, Canada;45 Transgender Professional Association for Transgender Health (TPATH)
, T. M. Adrián46 Asamblea Nacional de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela;47 Diverlex Diversidad e Igualdad a Través de la Ley, Caracas, Venezuela
, L. R. Allen48 University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
, D. Azul49 La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia
, H. Bagga50 Monash Health Gender Clinic, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia;51 Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
, K. Başar52 Department of Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
, D. S. Bathory53 Independent Practice at Bathory International PLLC, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
, J. J. Belinky54 Durand Hospital, Guemes Clinic and Urological Center, Buenos Aires, Argentina
, D. R. Berg55 National Center for Gender Spectrum Health, Institute for Sexual and Gender Health, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
, J. U. Berli56 Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
, R. O. Bluebond-Langner57 NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA;58 Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York, NY, USA
, M.-B. Bouman9 Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;59 Department of Plastic Surgery, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, , Amsterdam, Netherlands
, M. L. Bowers60 Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA;61 Mills-Peninsula Medical Center, Burlingame, CA, USA
, P. J. Brassard62 GrS Montreal, Complexe CMC, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;63 Université de Montreal, Quebec, Canada
, J. Byrne64 University of Waikato/Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato, Hamilton/Kirikiriroa, New Zealand/Aotearoa
, L. Capitán65 The Facialteam Group, Marbella International Hospital, Marbella, Spain
, C. J. Cargill66 Independent Scholar
, J. M. Carswell32 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;67 Boston’s Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
, S. C. Chang68 Independent Practice, Oakland, CA, USA
, G. Chelvakumar69 Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA;70 The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
, T. Corneil71 School of Population & Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
, K. B. Dalke72 Penn State Health, PA, USA;73 Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
, G. De Cuypere74 Center for Sexology and Gender, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium
, E. de Vries75 Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa;76 University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
, M. Den Heijer9 Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;77 Department of Endocrinology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, , Amsterdam, Netherlands
, A. H. Devor78 University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
, C. Dhejne79 ANOVA, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden;80 Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
, A. D’Marco81 UCTRANS—United Caribbean Trans Network, Nassau, The Bahamas;82 D M A R C O Organization, Nassau, The Bahamas
, E. K. Edmiston83 University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
, L. Edwards-Leeper84 Pacific University, Hillsboro, OR, USA;85 Independent Practice, Beaverton, OR, USA
, R. Ehrbar86 Whitman Walker Health, Washington, DC, USA;87 Independent Practice, Maryland, USA
, D. Ehrensaft19 University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
, J. Eisfeld88 Transvisie, Utrecht, The Netherlands
, E. Elaut74 Center for Sexology and Gender, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium;89 Department of Clinical Experimental and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
, L. Erickson-Schroth90 The Jed Foundation, New York, NY, USA;91 Hetrick-Martin Institute, New York, NY, USA
, J. L. Feldman92 Institute for Sexual and Gender Health, Institute for Sexual and Gender Health, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
, A. D. Fisher93 Andrology, Women Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
, M. M. Garcia94 Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA;95 Departments of Urology and Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
, L. Gijs96 Institute of Family and Sexuality Studies, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
, S. E. Green97 Mermaids, London/Leeds, UK
, B. P. Hall98 Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA;99 Duke Adult Gender Medicine Clinic, Durham, NC, USA
, T. L. D. Hardy100 Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada;101 MacEwan University, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
, M. S. Irwig32 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;102 Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
, L. A. Jacobs103 Independent Practice, New York, NY, USA
, A. C. Janssen23 Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA;104 Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
, K. Johnson105 RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia;106 University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
, D. T. Klink107 Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium;108 Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, ZNA Queen Paola Children’s Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
, B. P. C. Kreukels9 Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;109 Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, , Amsterdam, Netherlands
, L. E. Kuper110 Department of Psychiatry, Southwestern Medical Center, University of Texas, Dallas, TX, USA;111 Department of Endocrinology, Children’s Health, Dallas, TX, USA
, E. J. Kvach112 Denver Health, Denver, CO, USA;113 University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA;
, M. A. Malouf114 Malouf Counseling and Consulting, Baltimore, MD, USA
, R. Massey115 WPATH Global Education Institute;116 Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
, T. Mazur117 Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA;118 John R. Oishei Children’s Hospital, Buffalo, NY, USA
, C. McLachlan119 Professional Association for Transgender Health, South Africa;120 Gender DynamiX, Cape Town, South Africa
, S. D. Morrison121 Division of Plastic Surgery, Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA;122 Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
, S. W. Mosser123 Gender Confirmation Center, San Francisco, CA, USA;124 Saint Francis Memorial Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA
, P. M. Neira125 Johns Hopkins Center for Transgender Health, Baltimore, MD, USA;126 Johns Hopkins Medicine Office of Diversity, Inclusion and Health Equity, Baltimore, MD, USA
, U. Nygren127 Division of Speech and Language Pathology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden;128 Speech and Language Pathology, Medical Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
, J. M. Oates129 La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia;130 Melbourne Voice Analysis Centre, East Melbourne, Australia
, J. Obedin-Maliver131 Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Palo Alto, CA, USA;132 Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford, CA, USA
, G. Pagkalos133 Independent PracticeThessaloniki, Greece;134 Military Community Mental Health Center, 424 General Military Training Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
, J. Patton135 Talkspace, New York, NY, USA;136 CytiPsychological LLC, San Diego, CA, USA
, N. Phanuphak137 Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand
, K. Rachlin103 Independent Practice, New York, NY, USA
, T. Reed138 Gender Identity Research and Education Society, Leatherhead, UK
, G. N. Rider55 National Center for Gender Spectrum Health, Institute for Sexual and Gender Health, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
, J. Ristori93 Andrology, Women Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
, S. Robbins-Cherry4 Nottingham Centre for Transgender Health, Nottingham, UK
, S. A. Roberts32 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA;139 Division of Endocrinology, Boston’s Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
, K. A. Rodriguez-Wallberg140 Department of Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden;141 Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
, S. M. Rosenthal142 Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA;143 UCSF Child and Adolescent Gender Center
, K. Sabir144 FtM Phoenix Group, Krasnodar Krai, Russia
, J. D. Safer60 Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA;145 Mount Sinai Center for Transgender Medicine and Surgery, New York, NY, USA
, A. I. Scheim146 Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA;147 Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, Ontario, Canada
, L. J. Seal35 Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK;148 St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
, T. J. Sehoole149 Iranti, Johannesburg, South Africa
, K. Spencer55 National Center for Gender Spectrum Health, Institute for Sexual and Gender Health, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
, C. St. Amand150 University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA;151 Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
, T. D. Steensma9 Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;109 Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, , Amsterdam, Netherlands
, J. F. Strang152 Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA;153 George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
, G. B. Taylor154 Atrium Health Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Charlotte, NC, USA
, K. Tilleman155 Department for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium
, G. G. T’Sjoen74 Center for Sexology and Gender, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium;156 Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium
, L. N. Vala157 Independent Practice, Campbell, CA, USA
, N. M. Van Mello9 Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;158 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
, J. F. Veale159 School of Psychology, University of Waikato/Te Whare Wānanga o Waikato, Hamilton/Kirikiriroa, New Zealand/Aotearoa
, J. A. Vencill160 Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA;161 Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
, B. Vincent162 Trans Learning Partnership at https://spectra-london.org.uk/trans-learning-partnership, UK
, L. M. Wesp163 College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin MilwaukeeMilwaukee, WI, USA;164 Health Connections Inc., Glendale, WI, USA
, M. A. West165 North Memorial Health Hospital, Robbinsdale, MN, USA;166 University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
& J. Arcelus5 School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK;167 Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
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Pages S1-S259
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Published online: 15 Sep 2022
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