Efficacy of microwave ablation and entecavir as a combination treatment for primary liver cancer and their effects on hepatitis B virus and liver function

Figures & data

Table 1. Comparison between the two groups in general clinical characteristics n [%].

	Study group (n = 129)	Control group (n = 129)	X^2/t	P
Gender			0.44	0.51
M	89 (68.99)	84 (65.12)
F	40 (30.01)	45 (34.88)
Age (years)			0.15	0.70
<60	51 (39.53)	48 (37.21)
≥60	78 (60.47)	81 (62.79)
Tumor Size			0.40	0.53
<3 cm	71 (55.04)	76 (58.91)
≥3 cm	58 (44.96)	53 (41.09)
Tumor at single or multiple points			0.27	0.60
Single	82 (63.57)	86 (66.67)
Multiple	47 (36.43)	43 (33.33)
Tumor location			0.24	0.89
Left lobe	43 (33.33)	42 (32.56)
Right lobe	73 (56.59)	76 (58.91)
Juncture	13 (10.08)	11 (8.53)
Vascular invasion			0.15	0.69
Y	46 (36.66)	43 (33,33)
N	83 (64.34)	86 (66.67)
Cirrhosis			0.14	0.71
Y	71 (55.04)	68 (52.71)
N	58 (44.96)	61 (47.29)
AFP level before surgery (ng/mL)			0.07	0.80
<400	78 (60.47)	80 (62.02)
≥400	51 (39.53)	49 (37.98)

Table 2. Comparison of clinical efficacy between the groups n [%].

	CR	PR	SD	PD	Effective rate
Study group (n = 129)	45 (34.88)	58 (44.96)	20 (15.51)	6 (4.65)	79.84%
Control group (n = 129)	34 (26.36)	54 (41.86)	23 (17.83)	18 (13.95)	68.22%
X^2					3.74
P					0.05

Table 3. Changes in liver function indicators before and after treatment (x ± SD).

	TBIL (µmol/L)	AST (U/L)	ALT (U/L)	ALP (g/L)
Study group
Before treatment	27.89 ± 2.67	69.86 ± 7.95	48.83 ± 7.34	30.84 ± 3.57
After treatment	13.27 ± 1.54	46.73 ± 4.56	28.17 ± 3.78	36.47 ± 4.15
t	52.94	26.54	28.44	11.76
P	<0.05	<0.05	<0.05	<0.05
Control group
Before treatment	28.04 ± 2.73	70.32 ± 8.93	49.09 ± 7.02	31.18 ± 3.53
After treatment	18.31 ± 1.65*	56.27 ± 5.67*	37.45 ± 4.33*	34.21 ± 4.09*
t	35.23	16.12	16.02	6.33
P	<0.05	<0.05	<0.05	<0.05

Note: *P < 0.05 compared with the study group after treatment.

Figure 1. Changes in HBV-DNA levels before and after treatment. While no differences were observed before treatment (P > 0.05), both groups demonstrated a decrease in HBV-DNA level after treatment (P < 0.05), and this change was more significant in the study group (P < 0.05).

Note: *P < 0.05 compared with conditions before treatment; #P < 0.05 compared with the study group after treatment.

Figure 2. Comparison of KPS scores before and after treatment. While no differences were observed before treatment (P > 0.05), both groups demonstrated an increase in KPS scores after treatment (P < 0.05), and this change was more significant in the study group (P < 0.05).

Note: *P < 0.05 compared with conditions before treatment; #P < 0.05 compared with the study group after treatment.

Figure 3. Comparison of survival rates. The study group had a 1-year survival rate of 87.60%, and the control group had a 1-year survival rate of 81.40% (P > 0.05). The study group had a 2-year survival rate of 75.19%, and the control group had a 2-year survival rate of 60.47% (P < 0.05).

Table 4. Comparison of recurrence rate and LOS n [%].

	1-year survival rate	2-year survival rate	Recurrence rate
Study group (n = 129)	113 (87.60%)	97 (75.19%)	56 (43.41%)
Control group (n = 129)	105 (81.40%)	78 (60.47%)	79 (61.24%)
X^2	1.87	5.13	6.49
P	0.17	0.02	0.01

Table 5. Comparison of the incidence of adverse reactions n [%].

	Nausea and vomiting	Hepatalgia	Fever	Renal function injury	Elevated transaminase level	Reduced blood platelets
Study group (n = 129)	26 (20.16)	11 (8.53)	11 (8.53)	7 (5.43)	4 (3.10)	5 (3.88)
Control group (n = 129)	30 (23.26)	29 (22.48)	16 (12.40)	18 (13.95)	19 (14.73)	16 (12.40)
X^2	0.36	9.59	1.03	5.36	10.74	6.27
P	0.99	0.00	0.90	0.02	0.03	0.01

Data availability statement

Due to the nature of this research, the participants of this study did not agree for their data to be shared publicly, so supporting data is not available.