Role of zinc-methionine chelate on bone health and eggshell quality in late–phase laying hens

Figures & data

Table 1. Basal Diet Ingredients and Chemical Analysis.

Ingredients
Yellow Corn%	53
Soybean meal %	25
Calcium carbonate%	10
Vegetable oil%	1.40
Wheat bran%	6.08
Dicalcium phosphate%	2.20
Salt%	0.25
Sodium Bicarbonat %	0.15
^1Vitamin supplement%	0.25
^2Mineral supplement%	0.25
DL-Methionine%	0.14
Lysine%	0.06
Chemical analysis
Metabolizable energy (kcal / kg)	2810
Crude protein %	15
Calcium %	4.65
Available phosphorus %	0.40
Sodium %	0.18
Methionine%	0.32
Methionine-cysteine %	0.65
Lysine %	0.66
Arginine%	0.90
Threonine %	0.59
^3Zn (mg/kg)	33.58

¹ Vitamin supplement composition for each kilogram of diet includes: 3200000 U/kg of vitamin A, 1320000 U/kg of vitamin D3, 8000 U/kg of vitamin E, 1000 mg / kg of vitamin K3, 1000 mg / Kg of vitamin B1, 2200 mg / kg of vitamin B2, 3200 mg / kg of vitamin Kalban, 12000mg / kg of niacin, 1600 mg / kg of B6, 360 mg / kg of B9, 9 mg / kg of B12, 30 mg G / kg biotin, 44000 mg / kg choline, antioxidant 3000 mg / kg. ²Mineral supplement without Zn for each kilogram of basic diet includes: 79.01 mg of Mn, 3200 mg of copper, 480 mg of iodine, 88 mg of selenium, 16000 mg of iron. ³The amount of Zn in the basic diet measured in the laboratory.

Table 2. Effect of feeding supplemental zinc sulfate and zinc methionine chelate on tibial mechanical properties at the end of the laying cycle.

Treatment	Cracking Force (N)	Work to Cracking (J)	Bend to breakpoint (mm)	Cortical thickness (mm)	Deformation (%)
control (basal diet)	212.25	223.30	0.15	2.00^b	1.39^a
basal diet with 30 mg/Kg of zinc sulfate	193.80	200.80	0.12	3.10^b	1.39^a
basal diet with 45 mg/Kg of zinc sulfate	148.55	179.30	0.15	3.85^b	1.46^ab
basal diet with 30 mg/Kg of zinc methionine chelate	131.60	197.95	0.19	5.94^a	1.55^b
basal diet with 45 mg/Kg of zinc methionine chelate zinc	212.30	224.80	0.14	1.47^ab	4.82^b
SEM*	28.81	33.56	0.02	0.21	0.05
P-Value	0.09	0.91	0.35	0.01	0.35

Table 3. Mineral Reserves in Tibia and the Body Tissues at late phase of laying hens.

	Tibia Ash (%)	Bone	Eggshell	Serum	Liver	Yolk
control (basal diet)	29.9^a	173/38^b	0.56	6.47^b	83.46^b	17.35^b
basal diet with 30 mg/Kg of zinc sulfate	34.7^b	216.45^a	0.63	7.34^a	81.63^ab	40.65^a
basal diet with 45 mg/Kg of zinc sulfate	31.7^ab	205.02^a	0.56	5.38^b	137.99^a	54.23^a
basal diet with 30 mg/Kg of zinc methionine chelate	31.7^ab	193.15^a	1.01	6.16^ab	74.39^ab	37.58^a
basal diet with 45 mg/Kg of zinc methionine chelate	32^ab	210.04^a	1.18	7.36^a	64.16^ab	65.27^a
SEM	0.7	3.56	0.20	0.20	5.11	3.08
P-Value	0.003	0.09	0.35	0.01	0.03	0.04

*per ppm/ml. ^a.b The means with dissimilar letters in each column are statistically significantly different (P<0.05), SEM: Standard Error of Mean

Table 4. Comparison between the Increasing Levels of Zinc in terms of Feed intake and Egg shell Properties at the end of the laying cycle.

Treatment	Feed intake (g)	Egg weight (g)	Egg Shell percentage (%)	Thickness (mm)	Shell strength (Kg/cm3)
control (basal diet)	107.56^b	65.38^b	9.29	0.25	2.14
basal diet with 30 mg/Kg of zinc sulfate	108.68^ab	66.59^ab	9.81	0.27	2.23
basal diet with 45 mg/Kg of zinc sulfate	109.32^a	67.45^a	9.44	0.27	2.05
basal diet with 30 mg/Kg of zinc methionine chelate	109.02^a	68.36^a	9.69	0.28	2.16
basal diet with 45 mg/Kg of zinc methionine chelate -	108.92^a	68.40^a	9.52	0.27	2.21
SEM	0.27	0.39	0.25	0.01	0.29
P-value	<0.01	<0.01	<0.27	<0.45	<0.27

^a,b The means with dissimilar letters in each column are statistically significantly different (P<0.05), SEM: Standard Error Mean.

Data availability statement (DAS)

The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in ‘figshare’ at doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20326641.