Progress on the role and mechanism of ribosome assembly regulator PNO1 in tumor

Figures & data

Figure 1. Model of PNO1 (Dim2) involvement during the transition from the 90S to the 40S pre-subunit (Turowski et al. 2014; Sturm et al. 2017).

Figure 2. Model for the involvement of PNO1 in the final stage of 40S small subunit maturation (Turowski et al. 2014; Sturm et al. 2017).

Figure 3. RIOK1-NOB1-PNO1 checkpoint mechanism model (Parker et al. 2019).

Figure 4. Regulation of PNO1-related pathways. (EBF1: early B cell factor 1; MYC: transcription factor) (Dai et al. 2019; Shen et al. 2019; Liu et al. 2020; Chen et al. 2021; Han et al. 2021; Wang et al. 2021 may).

Table 1. The role and related pathways of PNO1 in different tumors.

Tumor	Cellular level	Clinical level	Mechanism/Pathway
Colorectal cancer	Promotes cell proliferation, and inhibits cell apoptosis	Poor prognosis with high expression	EBF1/PNO1/p53 axis (Shen et al. 2019)
Glioma	Promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion	Poor prognosis with high expression	MYC/PNO1/THBS1/FAK/Akt axis (Chen et al. 2021)
Lung adenocarcinoma	Promotes cell proliferation and invasion	Poor prognosis with high expression	miR-340-5p/PNO1/Notch axis, EMT (epithelial-mesenchymal transition) (Liu et al. 2020)
Urinary bladder cancer	Promotes cell proliferation, inhibits cell apoptosis	Poor prognosis with high expression	CD44, PTGS2, cyclin D1, CDK1, IL-8, FRA1, mTOR, p70 S6 kinase, p38, Caspase-3 protein, etc. (Lin et al. 2020)
Esophageal cancer	Promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and inhibits cell apoptosis	Poor prognosis with high expression	AKT1, Twist, MYC, mTOR, matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), NF-κB p65 and CTNNB1 (Wang et al. 2021 may)
Hepatocellular carcinoma	Promotes cell proliferation and invasion	Poor prognosis with high expression	Celecoxib—AKT/mTOR (Dai et al. 2019)
Hepatocellular carcinoma	Promotes cell proliferation and autophagy, and inhibits cell apoptosis	Poor prognosis with high expression	MAPK signaling pathway (Han et al. 2021)
Breast and lung cancer	Promotes cell proliferation	Poor prognosis with high expression	Shen et al. (2019)

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Data availability statement

Data sharing does not apply to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.