Research progress of spectra and properties of ultrahard carbon materials at high pressure and high temperature

Figures & data

Figure 1. Optical photographs of the ultrahard carbon materials from different precursors and HPHT conditions. (a) colorless NPD [15], (b) NTD [52], (c) cyan NPD [26], (d) yellow NPD [25], (e) MPD [53], (f) CFPDC [54], (g) TDC [55], (h) a-D [7], (i) AM-III [5], (j) AC-3 [9], and (k) p-D [4].

Figure 2. XRD patterns of various nanocrystalline diamond powder and ultrahard carbon materials.

Figure 3. Raman and Photoluminescence spectra of various nanocrystalline diamond powder and ultrahard carbon materials at room temperature. (a) UV Raman spectra of nanocrystalline diamond powders, ta-C(:H) films [78,79], AM-III [5] and AC-3 [9] excited by UV laser (325 nm). (b) and (c) The corresponding UV Raman spectra of AC-3 [9] and AM-III [5], respectively, with PL background removed. (d) Raman spectra of nanocrystalline diamond powders, yellow NPD [25], and transparent p-D [4] excited by visible laser (532 nm). (e) Raman spectra of type IIa diamond [15], colorless NPD [15] and transparent AC-3 [9] excited by visible laser (514 nm). (f) PL spectra of type Ia diamond, p-D [4] and AM-III [5] with an excitation wavelength of 532 nm, and AC-3 [9] with an excitation wavelength of 514 nm.

Figure 4. Carbon K-edge EELS spectra of glassy carbon [7], C₆₀ [59], single-crystal diamond [4], 2 nm diamond powder [7], nanocrystalline diamond bulk [59], a-D [7], AM-III [5], AC-3 [9] and p-D [4]. The lower energy peak at approximately 285 eV represents the π-bonding feature, corresponding 1 s to π* transition (labeled π*), and the broad band at higher energy features the σ-bonding, corresponding 1 s to σ* transition (labeled σ*) [6].

Figure 5. Comparison of hardness for various ultrahard carbon materials. AC-3 [9], AM-III [5], p-D [4], MPD [53], single-crystal diamond (SCD) [15], yellow NPD [25], colorless NPD [15], cyan NPD [26], and NTD [52].

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