Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among bank employees in Dhaka city of Bangladesh

Figures & data

Table 1. Distribution of pre-diagnosed, undiagnosed and total hypertension among interviewed bank employees

Category	Pre-diagnosed	Undiagnosed	Total
Hypertension	11.67 (21)	12.78 (23)	24.44 (44)
Pre-hypertension	0 (0)	32.22 (58)	32.22 (58)

Data is presented as % (n), n = number of samples

Table 2. Distribution of the prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension among bank employees by respondents’ characteristics

Characteristics	Total sample n (%)	Hypertension		Prehypertension
		n1 (% of n)	p value	n2 (% of n)	p value
Gender
Male	112 (62.22)	34 (30.36)	0.018^a	36 (32.14)	0.977^a
Female	68 (37.78)	10 (14.71)		22 (32.35)
Age (year)
≤ 30	57(31.67)	15 (26.32)	0.642^a	14 (24.56)	0.422^a
31–40	99 (55.00)	21 (21.21)		37 (37.37)
41–50	17 (9.44)	6 (35.29)		5 (29.41)
≥ 51	7 (3.88)	2 (28.58)		2 (28.59)
Employee type
Managerial or directorial	36 (20.00)	11 (30.56)	0.595^a	12(33.33)	0.808^a
Officer or executive	137 (76.11)	31 (22.63)		43(3199)
Support staff	7 (3.89)	2 (28.57)		3(42.89)
Religion
Muslim	153 (85.00)	39 (25.49)	0.437^a	45 (29.41)	0.055^a
Others	27(15.00)	5(18.51)		13 (48.15)
Marital status
Married	142 (78.89)	37 (26.06)	0.331^a	47 (33.10)	0.627^a
Unmarried	38 (21.11)	7 (18.42)		11 (29.05)
Number of family members
1–5	140 (77.78)	38 (27.14)	0.115^a	46 (32.86)	0.733^a
More than 5	40 (22.22)	6 (15.0)		12 (30.00)
Education
Below undergraduate level	2 (1.11)	1 (50.00)	0.398^b	1 (50.0)	0.589^b
Graduate or above	178 (98.89)	43 (55.13)		57 (32.02)
Job duration (years)
1–3	32 (17.78)	9 (28.13)	0.593^a	7 (21.88)	0.167^a
More than 3	148 (82.22)	35 (23.65)		51 (34.46)
Monthly salary (BDT)
≤ 40k	56 (31.11)	13 (23.21)	0.019^a	15 (28.57)	0.081^a
41–60k	54 (30.00)	11 (20.37)		18 (33.33)
61–80k	28 (15.56)	3 (10.71)		11 (39.29)
≥ 81k	42 (23.33)	17 (40.48)		14 (33.33)
Stress level
Low stress	17 (9.44)	3 (17.65)	0.655^a	3(17.65)	0.094^a
Moderate stress	109 (60.56)	29 (26.61)		32 (29.36)
High stress	54 (30.00)	12 (22.22)		23 (42.59)
Routine health check-up
Never	6 (3.33)	2(33.33)	0.007^a	0 (0)	0.011^a
Once a year	37 (20.56)	12 (32.43)		9 (24.32)
More than once a year	23 (12.78)	11 (47.83)		3 (13.04)
Only when emergency	114 (63.33)	19 (16.67)		46 (40.35)
Smoking habit
Yes	36 (20.00)	11 (30.56)	0.340^a	15 (41.67)	0.175^a
No	144 (80.00)	33 (28.95)		43 (29.86)
Regular intake of betel or tobacco leaf
Yes	6 (3.33)	2 (33.33)	0.606^b	1 (16.67)	0.407^b
No	174 (96.67)	42 (24.14)		57 (32.76)
Intake of alcohol
Yes	45 (25.00)	11 (24.44)	1.000^a	16 (35.56)	0.006^a
No	135 (75.00)	33 (24.44)		22 (16.30)
Junk food consumption
Daily	17 (9.44)	5 (29.41)	0.617^b	3 (17.65)	0.633^a
Not daily	163(90.56)	39 (23.93)		56(34.36)
Meat consumption
Daily	9 (5.00)	6(66.67)	0.009^b	2 (22.22)	0.510^b
Weekly	171 (95.00)	38(22.23)		56(33.03)
Antidepressant drug intake
Yes	21 (11.67)	5 (23.81)	0.943^a	1 (4.76)	0.004^a
No	159 (83.33)	39 (24.53)		57 (35.85)
Steroid drug intake
Yes	2 (1.11)	2 (100.00)	0.012^b	0 (0)	0.327^b
No	178 (98.89)	42 (23.60)		58 (32.58)
Anti-hypertensive drug intake
Yes	19 (10.56)	19 (10.55)	0.001^b	0 (0)	0.001^a
No	161 (89.44)	25 (13.88)		58 (36.02)
Diabetic
Yes	8 (4.44)	2 (1.11)	0.970^b	3 (37.50)	0.744^b
No/doesn’t know	172 (95.56)	42 (24.14)		55 (31.98)
Renal diseases
Yes	1 (0.56)	1 (100.00)	0.078^b	0 (0)	0.489^b
No/doesn’t know	179 (99.44)	43 (23.88)		58 (32.40)
Cardiovascular diseases
Yes	2 (1.11)	1 (50.00)	0.398^b	0 (0)	0.327^b
No/doesn’t know	178 (98.89)	43 (24.16)		58 (32.58)
Respiratory diseases
Yes	2 (1.11)	1 (50.00)	0.398^b	0 (0)	0.327^b
No	178 (98.89)	43 (24.16)		58 (32.58)
Parental hypertension
Yes	77 (42.78)	29 (37.66)	0.001^a	19 (24.68)	0.061^a
No	103 (57.22)	15 (14.56)		39 (37.87)
Parental diabetes
Yes	78 (43.33)	26 (33.33)	0.015^a	23 (29.49.)	0.492^a
No	102 (56.67)	18 (17.65)		35 (34.31)
Parental renal diseases
Yes	15 (8.33)	7 (46.67)	0.036^b	2 (13.33)	0.102^b
No	165 (91.67)	37 (22.42)		56 (33.94)
Parental cardiovascular diseases
Yes	41 (22.78)	16 (39.02)	0.013^a	8 (19.51)	0.048^a
No	139 (77.22)	28 (20.14)		50 (35.97)
Parental respiratory diseases
Yes	14 (7.78)	3 (21.43)	0.784^b	1 (7.14)	0.037^b
No	166 (92.22)	41 (24.70)		57 (34.34)
Body mass intake
Normal	83 (46.11)	20 (24.10)	0.932^a	28 (33.73)	0.658^a
Overweight	83 (46.11)	20 (24.10)		27 (32.53)
Obese	14 (7.78)	4 (28.57)		3 (21.43)

Note: ^AP-value calculated from Chi square test. ^bP-value calculated from Fisher’s exact test. P-values ≤0.000 were converted into 0.001

Table 3. Factors associated with hypertension among the interviewed bank employees

Hypertension factors	Unadjusted OR (90% CI)	Adjusted OR (90% CI)
Sex of the respondents
Female	1.00	1.00
Male	2.53 (1.31–4.87)**	3.92 (1.75–8.75)***
Size of the family
1–5 persons	1.00	1.00
≥ 6 persons	0.47 (0.21–1.05)	0.19 (0.07–0.53)***
Salary (thousand taka)
≤ 40	1.00	1.00
41–60	0.85 (0.39–1.81)	0.73 (0.30–1.78)
61–80	3.9 (0.17–1.23)	0.13 (0.03–0.51)**
≥ 81	2.25 (1.08–4.68)	2.65 (1.07–6.59)*
Parental hypertension
No	1.00	1.00
Yes	3.54 (1.94–6.46)***	4.64 (2.16–9.97)***
Parental diabetes
No	1.00	1.00
Yes	2.33 (1.30–4.17) **	1.93 (0.92–4.03)
Parental renal diseases
No	1.00	1.00
Yes	3.03 (1.22–7.48)**	5.48 (1.62–18.50)**
Frequency of meat consumption
Daily	1.00	1.00
Weekly	0.14 (0.04–0.47)***	0.07 (0.01–0.37)***
Constant		0.57 (0.09–3.39)
LR		54.28
P-value		0.001
Number of observations		180

Note: *p < 0.1; **p < 0.05; ***p < 0.01