ASSESSMENT OF NEWLY DEVELOPED PERFLUOROCARBON EMULSION: OXYGEN CARRYING CAPACITY AS THE BLOOD SUBSTITUTE IN VIVO

Figures & data

Figure 1. The concept for High Pressure Process Homogenizer (DeBEE 2000) developed by TalShechter, Nakano, and Fukushima [[6]] employed for PFC emulsification. The first step of PFC emulsification is performed by dual feed method, and the second step by reverse method repeatedly (n = 3−10).

Table 1. The Properties of Neo-PFC, Fluosol-DA®, and Stored Blood

	Neo-PFC	Fluosol-DA®	Stored Blood
PFC	perfluoro-decalin (PFD)	perfluoro-decalin (PFD) perfluoro-tripropylamine (FTPA)	—
PFC conc. (w/v)	30%	20%	—
Surfactant (w/v)	egg yolk lecithin (4%)	Pluronic F68 (2.7%) egg yolk lecithin (0.4%)	—
Particle diameter(μm)	0.1–0.35	0.2–0.3	5–8
Shelf-time	now investigation	2 years (frozen)	5 weeks
Viscosity (cP)	2.4 (37°C)	2.7 (37°C)	5 (37°C)
Isotonicity	Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer (pH 7.5)	Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer (pH 7.3)	—
Half-time in body	7 days (PFD)	7 days (PFD) 60 days (FTPA)	60 days
Toxicity (LD50)	now investigation	144 ml (rats)	—

Figure 2. The expected solubility of oxygen in circulated blood of the 70%-substituted rats. Each curve was calculated from oxygen dissociation curve of native blood and oxygen solubility of the PFCs. The DO₂ presents the amount of oxygen delivered to tissues calculated from PaO₂ and PvO₂ in normal rats.

Figure 3. The oxidized states of Cyt. ox. in rat cerebral tissues plotted against the fractional inspired oxygen (FiO₂). The error bars mean standard deviations (n = 7). Each percentage value was plotted using those after the exchange transfusion (100% FiO₂) as references.

Figure 4. The oxygen partial pressure in arterial and venous blood plotted against FiO₂. The error bars mean standard deviations (n = 7). Each concentration was measured from a small amount of blood drawn from a femoral artery and a cervical vein.

Figure 5. The feasible oxygen carrying capacities in three exchange transfusion models calculated from PaO₂, PvO₂ 0(Figure 4), and oxygen solubility of each blood (Figure 2).The error bars mean standard deviations (n = 7).

Doctor A., Mazzoni M. C., DelBalzo U., DiCanzio J., Arnold J. H. High-frequency oscillatory ventilation of the perfluorocarbon-filled lung: Preliminary results in an animal model of acute lung injury. Crit. Care Med. 1971; 27: 2500–2507

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