Human Osteopenic Bone‐Derived Osteoblasts: Essential Amino Acids Treatment Effects

Figures & data

Table 1. Primary characterization of osteoblast cultures of human osteopenic bone‐derived cells (HOB) after administration of 10^{− 9}mol/l 1,25(OH)₂D₃ (Mean ± SD; no. = 4)

HOB cells	Control	1,25(OH)2D3	t, p
ALP (IU/l)	41.5 ± 1.4	67.3 ± 2.0	− 21.3, < 0.0001
OC (ng/ml)	22 ± 2	43 ± 3	− 12.1, < 0.0001
von Kossa	negative	positive

ALP: alkaline phosphatase; OC: osteocalcin.

Table 2. Biochemical results in human osteopenic bone‐derived osteoblasts (Mean ± SD, no. = 4)

Groups	MTT (OD at 550 nm)	ALP (IU/L)	NO (μM)	Ca (mg/dl)	P (mg/dl)	OC (ng/ml)
Control	0.53 ± 0.03	41.5 ± 1.9	3.6 ± 0.1	5.1 ± 0.4	2.5 ± 0.1	36.8 ± 1.0
Arg	0.46 ± 0.01a	53.9 ± 4.0c	3.9 ± 0.1	4.9 ± 0.4g	2.2 ± 0.1	38.0 ± 1.2
Lys	0.57 ± 0.01b	47.0 ± 1.2d	2.7 ± 0.3f	5.7 ± 0.2	2.8 ± 0.3h	37.0 ± 0.6
Arg‐Lys	0.55 ± 0.02	54.9 ± 1.0e	3.6 ± 0.1	5.0 ± 0.2	2.2 ± 0.1	38.5 ± 1.7
ANOVA F, p	26.49, < 0.0005	44.01, < 0.0005	46.50, < 0.0005	5.18, 0.016	24.04, < 0.0005	1.95, ns

MTT: tetrazolium salt; ALP: alkaline phosphatase; NO: nitric oxide; Ca: calcium; P: phosphorus; OC: osteocalcin.

Scheffé post hoc multiple comparison test:

^aMTT: Arg Group versus Control (p < 0.005), Lys and Arg‐Lys (p < 0.0001) Groups.

^bLys Group versus Control Group (p < 0.05).

^cALP: Arg Group versus Control (p < 0.0005) and Lys (p < 0.005) Groups.

^dLys versus Control (p < 0.05) and Arg‐Lys (p < 0.001) Groups.

^eArg‐Lys Group versus Control Group (p < 0.0001).

^fNO: Lys Group versus Control, Arg and Arg‐Lys (p < 0.0001) Groups.

^gCa: Arg Group versus Lys Group (p < 0.05).

^hP: Lys Group versus Control (p < 0.005), Arg and Arg‐Lys (p < 0.0001) Groups.

Table 3. Procollagen and cytokine levels in human osteopenic bone‐derived osteoblasts (Mean ± SD, no. = 4)

Groups	PICP (ng/ml)	IL‐6 (pg/ml)	TGFβ1 (pg/ml)
Control	23.0 ± 1.4	1238 ± 75	1267 ± 23
Arg	25.8 ± 1.0a	1168 ± 24	1162 ± 33
Lys	22.0 ± 1.4	1195 ± 33	728 ± 130c
Arg‐Lys	24.3 ± 1.0	1013 ± 48b	1120 ± 65
ANOVA F, p	7.2, 0.005	16.07, < 0.0005	39.22, < 0.0005

PICP: C‐terminal procollagen type I; IL‐6: Interleukin‐6; TGFβ1: Transforming Growth Factor‐β1.

Scheffé post hoc multiple comparison test:

^aPICP: Arg Group versus Lys Group (p < 0.01).

^bIL‐6: Arg‐Lys Group versus Control (p < 0.0001), Arg (p < 0.01) and Lys (p < 0.005) Groups.

^cTGFβ1: Lys Group versus Control, Arg, and Arg‐Lys Groups (p < 0.0001).