Biodegradable organic acid-crosslinked alkali-treated gelatins with anti-thrombogenic and endothelialization properties

Figures & data

Figure 1 Schematic of crosslinking reaction of AlGelatin with an organic acid-derived crosslinker.

Figure 2 Water content of AlGelatin–DST (•), –DSM (△), –TSC (▪) and –GA (×) matrices at different crosslinker concentrations. Error bars represent the standard deviations (n = 3).

Figure 3 Percentage of residual amino groups in AlGelatin–DST (•), –DSM (△), –TSC (▪) and –GA (×) matrices at different crosslinker concentrations. Error bars represent the standard deviations (n = 3).

Figure 4 Surface density of HUVECs on the AlGelatin matrices at different crosslinker concentrations, after 1 day (a) or 7 day (b) culture in EBM-2. Error bars represent the standard deviations (n = 5).

Figure 5 HUVECs grown on AlGelatin–DST, –DSM, –TSC and –GA matrices in a culture medium after 1 (a) and 7 days (b). Actin filaments are green and cell nuclei are blue.

Figure 6 Photographs of the AlGelatin–DST, –DSM, –TSC and –GA matrices with different crosslinker concentrations after immersion of the matrices in rat arterial blood. Scale bar represents 2 mm.

Figure 7 SEM images of the AlGelatin–DST, –DSM, –TSC and –GA matrices with different crosslinker concentrations after immersion of the matrices in rat arterial blood. The black arrow shows the platelets and the white arrow shows the fibrin in the first GA image. Scale bar represents 10 μm.

Figure 8 Residual weight of the AlGelatin–DST (a), –DSM (b), –TSC (c) and –GA (d) matrices with different crosslinker concentrations after immersion in a collagenase solution. The crosslinker concentrations of the NHS or CHO/NH₂ groups are 0.5 (•), 1 (△) and 2 (▪). Error bars represent the standard deviations (n = 3).

Figure 9 Proposed mechanism of the anti-thrombogenic and endothelialization properties of the biodegradable AlGelatin matrices (NHS/NH₂  1).