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Invited Review

Non‐pharmaceutical treatment options for meibomian gland dysfunction

, MD PhD & , MD
Pages 742-755 | Received 29 May 2019, Accepted 19 Nov 2019, Published online: 15 Apr 2021

Figures & data

Table 1 Studies which have shown the safety and efficacy of eyelid warming

Figure 1 Therapeutic expression of thickened and toothpaste‐like meibum in a patient with meibomian gland dysfunction with the use of an Arita meibomian gland compressor

Table 2 Studies which have shown the safety and efficacy of intraductal probing

Figure 2 Thermal pulsation system. A LipiFlow thermal pulsation system (Johnson & Johnson Vision) is applied bilaterally to a 65‐year‐old woman with mild meibomian gland dysfunction.

Table 3 Studies which have shown the safety and efficacy of thermal pulsation (VTP system)

Figure 3 Intense pulsed light therapy is administered with an M22 system (Lumenis) to a 38‐year‐old woman with moderate meibomian gland dysfunction

Table 4 Studies which have shown the safety and efficacy of intense pulsed light (IPL)