MicroRNAs in hematological malignancies: a novel approach to targeted therapy

Figures & data

Figure 1. MicroRNA biogenesis and processing. The maturation of miRNA from pre-miRNA takes place from nucleus to cytoplasm. The transcription of large pri-miRNA takes place in the nucleus with the help of RNA polymerase II. Pri-miRNA is then cleaved by Drosha, RNase III enzyme to yield pre-miRNA which is then transported to cytoplasm with the help of exportin 5. In the cytoplasm, the hairpin structure is cropped off by the RNase III enzyme, Dicer, producing the double-stranded miRNA duplex which is cleaved by Helicase and incorporated into the RNA-induced silencing complex.

Table 1. MicroRNA associated with different hematological malignancies

MicroRNA	Hematological malignancies
miR-15/miR-16	CLL,^Citation28 AML^Citation32
miR-29	CLL,^Citation33,Citation34 AML^Citation35
miR-181	CLL,^Citation33 ALL^Citation30
miR-155	CLL^Citation33
miR-223	AML,^Citation32 CLL^Citation33
Let-7	CLL,^Citation33 AML^Citation32
miR-17-92	CML^Citation25,Citation36
miR-203	ALL, CML^Citation37
miR-128b	ALL^Citation30
miR-223	AML^Citation32
miR-342	AML^Citation32
miR-204	ALL^Citation30
miR-218	ALL^Citation30
miR-331	ALL^Citation30
miR-107	AML^Citation32

ALL, acute lymphoblastic leukemia; CML, chronic myelogenous leukemia.

Figure 2. Manipulation of miRNA and the use of miRNA as potential therapeutic tool. Several strategies are used to knockdown the expression of target miRNA, namely AMOs, miRNA sponges, and miRNA masking.

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