Safety profile of herbal medicines submitted for marketing authorization in Tanzania: a cross-sectional retrospective study

Figures & data

Fig. 1 Flowchart of herbal product applications received at TMDA (2009–2020)

Fig. 2 Number of herbal medicine dossiers received and registered annually by TMDA (2009–2020)

Table 1 Plants frequently^a used in herbal products submitted for market authorization in Tanzania (2009–2020) (N = 84)

Fig. 3 Number of multicomponent product applications with the number of herbal substances/plants in the products

Table 2 Frequency of preclinical toxicity studies in herbal medicine dossiers submitted in Tanzania (2009–2020)

Table 3 Safety data submitted for ten frequently used plants in the herbal products applications (2009–2020)

Table 4 Safety data submitted in herbal products applications with herbal components with documented risks of adverse reactions or toxicity (2009–2020)

Table 5 Quality parameters with safety implications tested in herbal substances submitted for marketing authorization (2009–2020)

Table 6 Quality parameters with safety implications tested in finished herbal medicines submitted for marketing authorization (2009–2020)

Table 7 Safety data declared in package inserts of herbal medicines submitted for marketing authorization (2009–2020)

Table 8 Side effects declared in the registered herbal medicines package inserts or summary of product characteristics (2009–2020)

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