Anagliptin decreases serum lathosterol level in patients with type 2 diabetes: a pilot study

Figures & data

Table 1. Comparison of parameters before and after treatment with anagliptin.

	Baseline	4 weeks	p
BMI (kg/m^2)	27.2 ± 5.2	27.3 ± 5.2	0.5037
FPG (mg/dl)	157 ± 56	143 ± 33	0.0371
HbA1c (%)	8.0 ± 1.5	7.6 ± 1.3	< 0.0001
Insulin (µU/ml)	12.3 ± 7.0	15.1 ± 16.5	0.2256
LDL-C (mg/dl)	165 ± 42	158 ± 47	0.1232
HDL-C (mg/dl)	55 ± 13	54 ± 14	0.5034
Non HDL-C (mg/dl)	188 ± 49	179 ± 50	0.0796
TC (mg/dl)	242 ± 50	233 ± 50	0.0644
TG (mg/dl)	181 ± 95	165 ± 83	0.3316
NEFA (μEq/l)	637 ± 241	605 ± 210	0.3707
Active GLP-1 (pmol/l)	3.0 ± 1.7	6.2 ± 4.7	< 0.0001
Lathosterol (µg/ml)	3.5 ± 1.4	3.1 ± 1.2	0.0130
Campesterol (µg/ml)	5.2 ± 2.9	5.4 ± 3.4	0.4209
Sitosterol (µg/ml)	2.7 ± 1.7	2.8 ± 2.1	0.3672
Cholestanol (µg/ml)	2.8 ± 1.1	2.8 ± 1.1	0.9762

Data are expressed as the mean ± s.d. p, comparison of changes between baseline and after 4 weeks of treatment in all patients (n = 30).

BMI: Body mass index; FPG: Fasting plasma glucose; GLP-1: Glucagon-like peptide-1; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; NEFA: Nonesterified fatty acids; TC: Total cholesterol; TG: Triglyceride.

Table 2. Comparison of FPG, HbA1c, active GLP-1, and cholesterol synthesis and absorption markers in patients whose LDL-C levels were decreased or increased.

	Decreased group (n = 17)		p1	Increased group (n = 13)		p2
	Baseline	4 weeks		Baseline	4 weeks
FPG (mg/dl)	168 ± 70	148 ± 41	0.0625	142 ± 25	137 ± 20	0.3442
HbA1c (%)	8.0 ± 1.7	7.6 ± 1.6	0.0001	8.0 ± 1.2	7.5 ± 1.0	0.0031
Active GLP-1(pmol/l)	3.0 ± 1.9	6.8 ± 5.6	0.0014	2.8 ± 1.6	5.4 ± 3.1	0.0087
Lathosterol (µg/ml)	3.3 ± 1.4	2.9 ± 1.3	0.0085	3.7 ± 1.5	3.4 ± 1.0	0.2404
Campesterol (µg/ml)	5.2 ± 2.7	5.1 ± 2.5	0.5296	5.2 ± 3.4	5.8 ± 4.4	0.0644
Sitosterol (µg/ml)	2.6 ± 2.0	2.5 ± 1.5	0.4984	2.7 ± 2.1	3.1 ± 2.7	0.0997
Cholestanol (µg/ml)	3.0 ± 1.3	2.8 ± 1.1	0.2823	2.6 ± 0.8	2.8 ± 1.1	0.2075

Each parameter was classified according to the changes in the LDL-C level from baseline to after 4 weeks of treatment. Data were expressed as the mean ± SD.

FPG: Fasting plasma glucose; GLP-1: Glucagon-like peptide-1; p1: Comparison of changes between baseline and after 4 weeks of treatment in the decreased group; p2: Comparison of changes between baseline and after 4 weeks of treatment in the increased group.

Figure 1. The correlation between the change of LDL-C and the change in cholesterol synthesis or absorption markers.

Figure 2. The comparison of (A)TC, (B) LDL-C, (C) HDL-C, (D) Non HDL-C and (E) NEFA at 0 and 4 weeks based on the baseline TG level.