Survival and Glycemic Control in Patients With co-existing Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Diabetes Mellitus

Figures & data

Table 1. Characteristics of patients with squamous cell carcinoma.

	Diabetes
	No (n = 95)	Yes (n = 95)	Total (n = 190)	p-value
Current age (years), mean (SD)	70.8 (9.88)	70.1 (10.63)	70.5 (10.24)	0.0521
Age at diagnosis (years), mean (SD)	66.0 (10.18)	66.1 (10.32)	66.1 (10.22)	Matched
Male sex, n (%)	79 (83.2%)	79 (83.2%)	158 (83.2%)	Matched
White race, n (%)	92 (96.8%)	89 (93.7%)	181 (95.3%)	0.2942
Ethnicity				0.0102
Hispanic	1 (1.1%)	9 (9.6%)	10 (5.3%)
Non-Hispanic	84 (88.4%)	69 (73.4%)	153 (81.0%)
Unknown	10 (10.5%)	16 (17.0%)	26 (13.8%)
Missing	0	1	1
Anatomic location, n (%)				0.8482
Lip	6 (6.3%)	6 (6.3%)	12 (6.3%)
Oral cavity	20 (21.1%)	28 (29.5%)	48 (25.3%)
Oropharynx	63 (66.3%)	54 (56.8%)	117 (61.6%)
Hypopharynx	2 (2.1%)	4 (4.2%)	6 (3.2%)
Nasopharynx	3 (3.2%)	2 (2.1%)	5 (2.6%)
Salivary gland tumor	1 (1.1%)	0 (0.0%)	1 (0.5%)
Other	0 (0.0%)	1 (1.1%)	1 (0.5%)
Surgery, n (%)				0.3282
No	12 (12.8%)	17 (17.9%)	29 (15.3%)
Yes	82 (87.2%)	78 (82.1%)	160 (84.7%)
Tumor stage, n (%)				0.8032
I	17 (18.7%)	12 (13.6%)	29 (16.2%)
II	9 (9.9%)	7 (8.0%)	16 (8.9%)
III	15 (16.5%)	11 (12.5%)	26 (14.5%)
IV	50 (54.9%)	58 (65.9%)	108 (60.3%)
Missing	4	7	11
BMI, mean (SD), kg/m^2	28.0 (4.17)	29.7 (6.94)	28.8 (5.75)	0.0411
Married at time of cancer diagnosis, n (%)	71 (74.7%)	64 (67.4%)	135 (71.1%)	0.9042
Unknown	2 (2.1%)	2 (2.1%)	4 (2.1%)
Any alcohol at time of cancer diagnosis, n (%)				<0.001 ^†
Yes	73 (76.8%)	49 (51.6%)	122 (64.2%)
No	22 (23.2%)	44 (46.3%)	66 (34.7%)
Unknown	0 (0.0%)	2 (2.1%)	2 (1.1%)
Smoking status at time of cancer diagnosis, n (%)				0.0082
Never	36 (37.9%)	27 (28.4%)	63 (33.2%)
Former	38 (40.0%)	61 (64.2%)	99 (52.1%)
Current	21 (22.1%)	7 (7.4%)	28 (14.7%)
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status at time of cancer diagnosis, no (%)				0.4802
0	41 (43.2%)	29 (32.2%)	70 (37.8%)
1	15 (15.8%)	16 (17.8%)	31 (16.8%)
2	1 (1.1%)	2 (2.2%)	3 (1.6%)
3	1 (1.1%)	3 (3.3%)	4 (2.2%)
4	1 (1.1%)	0 (0.0%)	1 (0.5%)
Unknown	36 (37.9%)	40 (44.4%)	76 (41.1%)
Missing	0	5	5
Use of steroids, n (%)				0.1502
Yes	24 (25.5%)	32 (35.6%)	56 (30.4%)
No	70 (74.5%)	58 (64.4%)	128 (69.6%)
Missing	1	5	6

† McNemar’s or Bowker’s test for symmetry.

SD: Standard deviation.

Table 2. Diabetes mellitus treatment for patients with squamous cell carcinoma.

Diabetes diagnosis preceded SCC diagnosis, n (%)	84 (96.6%)
Diabetes therapy, n (%)
Diet	11 (12.6%)
Oral	50 (57.5%)
Insulin	16 (18.4%)
Oral + Insulin	9 (10.3%)
Other	1 (1.1%)
Missing	8

SCC: Squamous cell carcinoma.

Figure 1. Estimated mean hemoglobin A1c value during year after squamous cell carcinoma diagnosis in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Figure 2. Estimated mean glucose value during first year after squamous cell carcinoma diagnosis.

Figure 3. Overall survival and recurrence free survival.

KM: Kaplan-Meier; NE: Not estimated; OS: Overall survival; RFS: Recurrence-free survival.