Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of FOXD1 in various cancers: a meta and bioinformation analysis

Figures & data

Figure 1. Literature retrieval and selection processes.

Table 1. The information of enrolled articles in the meta-analysis.

Study	Year	Country	Cancer type	Sample size	Follow-up (months)	Tumor stage (I/II/III/IV)	Outcome measures	Analysis type	Sex (female/male)	n
Zhao	2014	China	BC	737	NA	NA	OS	U	737/0	5
Nakayama	2015	Japan	NCLC	90	63	68/15/6/1	OS	U/M	35/57	5
Han T	2018	China	CRC	80	60	0/7/13/20	OS	U	36/44	6
Dan Li	2018	China	NSCLC	264	NA	I–II 37 III–IV 43	OS/DFS	U/M	28/236	6
Pan F	2018	China	CRC	126	60	I–II 60 III–IV 66	OS	U	42/84	6
Jiang ZY	2018	China	GBMLGG	40	30	0/7/13/20	OS	U	18/22	6
Chang S	2019	China	CESC	292	200	NA	OS	U	NA	6
Li Z	2020	China	OSCC	58	NA	I–II 31 III–IV 27	OS	U	26/32	6
Qiu S	2020	China	HNSC	162	NA	I–II 77 III–IV 85	OS/DFS	U	37/125	6
Ding FM	2020	China	PADD	178	80	NA	OS	U	NA	5
Xie L	2020	China	CRC	72	36	14/25/25/10	OS	U	30/42	5
Zhang Q	2021	China	OSCC	146	200	NA	OS/DFS	U	NA	6
Chen Y	2021	China	OSCC	518	200	NA	OS	U	NA	6
Chen L	2021	China	EOC	93	80	I–II 19 III–IV 46	OS	U/M	93/0	6
Huang JJ	2021	China	OSCC	314	150	11/77/67/159	OS/DFS	U	96/218	6
Wang Y	2019	China	OC	120	38.5	NA	OS	U	NA	6
Wang Z	2020	China	NC	518	NA	NA	OS/RFS	U	NA	6

BC: Breast cancer; CESC: Cervical cancer; CRC: Colorectal carcinoma; DFS: Disease-free survival; EOC: Epithelial ovarian cancer; GBMLGG: Glioma; GC: Gastric cancer; HNSC: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; M: Multivariate; NA: Not available; NC: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma; NSCLC: Non-small cell lung carcinoma; OC: Ovarian cancer; OS: Overall survival; OSCC: Oral squamous cell carcinoma; PADD: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma; U: Univariate.

Figure 2. Meta-analysis of the pooled hazard ratios of overall survival and disease-free survival.

(A) Meta-analysis of the pooled HRs of OS in cancer patients. A fixed-effect model was used for 17 studies. The pooled outcomes demonstrated a lower OS for people with most tumors with high-expression of FOXD1 if compared with those with low-expression of FOXD1 (HR: 1.355; 95% CI: 1.236–1.474; p < 0.001). (B) Meta-analysis of the pooled HRs of OS in cancer patients multivariate analysis. The meta-analysis of the pooled HRs of OS in cancer patients multivariate analysis is (HR: 1.969; 95% CI: 1.530–2.408; p < 0.001). (C) Meta-analysis of the pooled HRs of DFS in cancer patients. A fixed-effects model was also employed for four studies. Revealing a marked connection between elevated degrees of FOXD1 and worse DFS (HR: 1.442; 95% CI: 1.035–1.854; p < 0.001).

HR: Hazard ratio; OS: Overall survival.

Table 2. Meta-analysis of the relationship between overexpressed FOXD1 and clinicopathological parameters.

	Studies (n)	Patients (n)	RR	LCI	UCI	Heterogeneity
						I^2	Ph	Model
TNM stage	8	908	1.463	1.247	1.716	5.2%	0.390	Fixed effects
Sex	7	804	0.965	0.835	1.116	52.2%	0.051	Random effects
Age	9	980	1.002	0.880	1.142	0.0%	0.925	Fixed effects
Lymph node metastasis	6	713	1.103	0.921	1.322	60.5%	0.027	Fixed effects

RR: Relative risk.

Figure 3. Funnel plots of publication bias about the correlation between FOXD1 expression and hazard ratios of overall survival in the cancer patients.

None publication bias for overall survival was discovered in the researches recruited by utilizing Begg's Test (Z = 0.62, Pr > |z| = 0.538) as well as Egger's p-value (p = 0.948).

Figure 4. Sensitivity analysis evaluating the influence of individual study on the pooled estimate.

There was no discernible impact on the pooled hazard ratio, indicating the comparative robustness of the outcome.

Figure 5. FOXD1 expression in seven types of cancer versus normal tissue.

‘*’ |Log2Fold Change| >1 and p < 0.01. The red box plots represent FOXD1 expression in cancer tissues and the gray box plots represent FOXD1 expression in normal tissues.

CESC: Cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma; DBLC: Lymphoid neoplasm large B-cell lymphoma; ESCA: Esophageal cancer; HNSC: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; GBM: Glioblastoma multiforme; LUSC: Lung squamous cell carcinoma; SARC: Sarcoma; UCS: Uterine carcinosarcoma.