Nanomaterial-based biosensors for biological detections

Figures & data

Figure 1 Schematic diagram of biosensor based on AuNP-based signal amplification for CEA detection using aptamers in sandwich-type assay. Data from Shu et al.²¹

Abbreviations: AuNP, gold nanoparticle; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen.

Figure 2 Schematic diagram of liposome-based biosensor using antibody-conjugated AuNPs for signal amplification. Data from Won and Sim.²²

Abbreviations: AuNPs, gold nanoparticles; hIgE, human immunoglobulin E; PDA, polydiacetylene.

Figure 3 Schematic illustration of dual-labeled AuNPs with HRP and DNA for the detection of DNA hybridization. Data from He et al.²⁶

Abbreviations: AuNPs, gold nanoparticles; HRP, horseradish peroxidase.

Figure 4 Schematic flow diagram of the preparation of GR-MWCNTs/AuNPs/GOx film-modified biosensor for the electrochemical detection of glucose. Data from Devasenathipathy et al.³⁰

Abbreviations: GR, graphene; MWCNTs, multiwalled carbon nanotubes; AuNPs, gold nanoparticles; GOx, glucose oxidase; GO, graphene oxide; GCE, glassy carbon electrode.

Figure 5 Schematic illustration of bacterial DNA detection using RGO-modified GCE for detection of DNA hybridization. Data from Zainudin et al.³⁷

Abbreviations: RGO, reduced graphene oxide; GCE, glassy carbon electrode.

Figure 6 Schematic representation of the construction of GCE/MWCNT-Cyt C/GOx/Naf biosensors for electrochemical detection of glucose. Data from Eguilaz et al.³⁸

Abbreviations: GCE, glassy carbon electrode; MWCNT, multiwalled carbon nanotube; Cyt C, cytochrome C; GOx, glucose oxidase; Naf, Nafion.

Figure 7 Schematic flowchart of the construction of AgNP-modified MWCNTs for electrochemical detection of glucose. Data from Ensafi et al.⁴¹

Abbreviations: AgNP, silver nanoparticle; MWCNTs, multiwalled carbon nanotubes.

Figure 8 Schematic representation of MWCNT-based LFB for the detection of DNA hybridization. Data from Qiu et al.⁴⁴

Abbreviations: MWCNT, multiwalled carbon nanotube; LFB, lateral flow biosensor.

Figure 9 Schematic representation of CNT-based chemiresistive biosensor for the detection of bacteria and viruses. Data from Thuy et al.⁴⁶

Abbreviations: CNT, carbon nanotube; Ab, antibody; PBASE, 1-pyrene butanoic acid succinimidyl ester; SWCNTs, single-walled carbon nanotubes.

Figure 10 Illustration of reflectometric detection of influenza virus using antibody-immobilized 2D PC. Data from Endo et al.⁵⁴

Abbreviation: PC, Photonic crystal.

Figure 11 Schematic representation of electrochemical and LSPR-based detection of α-synuclein aggregation using Au nanopyramid-modified ITO surface. Data from Cheng et al.⁵⁵

Abbreviations: LSPR, localized surface plasmon resonance; ITO, indium tin oxide; UV-vis, ultraviolet visible.

Figure 12 Schematic illustration of enhanced avidin fluoroimmunoassay on colloidal PCs. Data from Shen et al.⁵⁷

Abbreviations: PCs, photonic crystals; BSA, bovine serum albumin.

Shu H, Wen W, Xiong H, Zhang X, Wang S. Novel electrochemical aptamer biosensor based on gold nanoparticles signal amplification for the detection of carcinoembryonic antigen. Electrochem Commun. 2013;37:15–19.

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Won SH, Sim SJ. Signal enhancement of a micro-arrayed polydiacetylene (PDA) biosensor using gold nanoparticles. Analyst. 2012;137(5):1241–1246.

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

He Y, Zhang S, Zhang X, et al. Ultrasensitive nucleic acid biosensor based on enzyme-gold nanoparticle dual label and lateral flow strip biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron. 2011;26(5):2018–2024.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Devasenathipathy R, Mani V, Chen SM, et al. Glucose biosensor based on glucose oxidase immobilized at gold nanoparticles decorated graphene-carbon nanotubes. Enzyme Microb Technol. 2015;78:40–45.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Zainudin N, Hairul ARM, Yusoff MM, Tan LL, Chong KF. Impedimetric graphene-based biosensor for the detection of Escherichia coli DNA. Anal Methods. 2014;6(19):7935–7941.

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Eguílaz M, Venegas CJ, Gutiérrez A, Rivas GA, Bollo S. Carbon nanotubes non-covalently functionalized with cytochrome c: a new bioanalytical platform for building bienzymatic biosensors. Microchem J. 2016;128:161–165.

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Ensafi AA, Zandi-Atashbar N, Rezaei B, Chermahini ME, Moshiri P. Non-enzymatic glucose electrochemical sensor based on silver nanoparticle decorated organic functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes. RSC Adv. 2016;6(65):60926–60932.

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Qiu W, Xu H, Takalkar S, et al. Carbon nanotube-based lateral flow biosensor for sensitive and rapid detection of DNA sequence. Biosens Bioelectron. 2015;64:367–372.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Thuy NT, Tam PD, Tuan MA, et al. Detection of pathogenic microorganisms using biosensor based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes dispersed in DNA solution. Curr Appl Phys. 2013;12(6):1553–1560.

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Endo T, Ozawa S, Okuda N, Yanagida Y, Tanaka S, Hatsuzawa T. Reflectometric detection of influenza virus in human saliva using nanoimprint lithography-based flexible two-dimensional photonic crystal biosensor. Sens Actuators B. 2010;148:269–276.

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Cheng XR, Hau BY, Endo T, Kerman K. Au nanoparticle-modified DNA sensor based on simultaneous electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and localized surface plasmon resonance. Biosens Bioelectron. 2014;53:513–518.

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Shen W, Li M, Xu L, et al. Highly effective protein detection for avidin-biotin system based on colloidal photonic crystals enhanced fluoroimmunoassay. Biosens Bioelectron. 2011;26(5):2165–2170.

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar