Learning styles among first professional northern and central India medical students during digitization

Figures & data

Figure 1 Distribution of scores by learning styles.

Table 1 Descriptive statistics for VARK score (n=545)

Learning styles	Mean	SD	Median	Percentile 25	Percentile 75
Visual	3.9	2.3	4.0	2.0	5.0
Aural	6.0	2.5	6.0	4.0	7.0
Read/write	5.1	2.2	5.0	4.0	6.0
Kinesthetic	5.8	2.6	6.0	4.0	7.0

Abbreviation: VARK, Visual-Aural-Read/write-Kinesthetic.

Table 2 Friedman’s test, post hoc pairwise comparison among learning styles

Comparison pair	Test statistic	Standard error	P-value
Visual vs read/write	−0.628	0.078	<0.001
Visual vs kinesthetic	−0.938	0.078	<0.001
Visual vs aural	−1.021	0.078	<0.001
Read/write vs kinesthetic	−0.309	0.078	<0.001
Read/write vs aural	0.393	0.078	<0.001
Kinesthetic vs aural	0.083	0.078	1.000

Table 3 Distribution of VARK scores by response type

Learning styles		Mean	SD	Median	Percentile 25	Percentile 75
Multiple responses for items	Visual	4.5	2.4	4.0	3.0	6.0
	Aural	6.6	2.5	6.0	5.0	8.0
	Read/write	5.6	2.2	5.0	4.0	7.0
	Kinesthetic	6.6	2.5	7.0	5.0	8.0
Single response for items	Visual	2.9	1.7	3.0	2.0	4.0
	Aural	4.7	1.9	5.0	3.0	6.0
	Read/write	4.1	1.8	4.0	3.0	5.0
	Kinesthetic	4.3	1.9	4.0	3.0	6.0

Abbreviation: VARK, Visual-Aural-Read/write-Kinesthetic.

Table 4 Gender wise comparison of learning styles

Learning styles	Gender				P-value (between group)
	Male		Female
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Visual	4.06	2.26	3.76	2.39	0.633
Aural	5.93	2.45	5.98	2.59
Read/write	5.18	2.31	5.04	2.12
Kinesthetic	5.85	2.52	5.79	2.65