Changes in pulmonary function tests in breast carcinoma patients treated with locoregional post-mastectomy radiotherapy: results of a pilot study

Figures & data

Figure 1 Treatment plans showing beam design and dose distributions for supraclavicular and tangential fields.

Notes: Sagittal view of supraclavicular and chest wall radiation portals (left); coronal view of supraclavicular and chest wall radiation portals (right).
Abbreviations: LL, left lung; CLD, central lung distance; MLD, mean lung distance.

Table 1 Patients’ baseline characteristics

Variables	Number (%)
Age (years) mean	44.95 (25–68); SD 11.85
Menopausal status
Pre-menopausal	14 (70.0)
Post-menopausal	6 (30.0)
Comorbidities
Hypertension	1 (5.0)
Diabetes	2 (10.0)
Side
Right	3 (15.0)
Left	17 (85.0)
T stage
T1
T2	3 (15.0)
T3	16 (80.0)
T4	1 (5.0)
N status
N1	7 (35.0)
N2	13 (65.0)
Histopathological type
IDC	19 (95.0)
ILC	1 (5.0)
LVSI
Yes	8 (40.0)
No	12 (60.0)
Receptor status
ER+/PR+/Her 2 neu−	3 (15.0)
ER+/PR+/Her 2 neu+	5 (25.0)
ER+/PR-/Her 2 neu−	6 (30.0)
ER-/PR-/Her 2 neu−	4 (20.0)
ER-/PR+/Her 2 neu−	2 (10.0)
Chemotherapy
Neoadjuvant	17 (35.0)
Adjuvant	3 (65.0)
Radiotherapy dose (mean)	50 Gy (50–66 Gy)

Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; T, tumor; N, node; IDC, infiltrating ductal carcinoma; ILC, infiltrating lobular carcinoma; LVSI, lymphovascular invasion; ER, estrogen receptor; PR, progesterone receptor.

Figure 2 FVC measurements before and after treatment for breast cancer patients treated with local radiotherapy.

Abbreviation: FVC, forced vital capacity.

Figure 3 FEV₁ measurements before and after treatment for breast cancer patients treated with local radiotherapy.

Abbreviation: FEV₁, forced expiratory volume in 1 second.

Figure 4 DLCO measurements before and after treatment for breast cancer patients treated with local radiotherapy.

Abbreviation: DLCO, carbon monoxide diffusing capacity.

Figure 5 MMEF_25–75 measurements before and after treatment for breast cancer patients treated with local radiotherapy.

Abbreviation: MMEF_25–75, maximum mid expiratory flow.

Figure 6 VO₂max measurements before and after treatments for breast cancer patients treated with local radiotherapy.

Abbreviation: VO₂max, maximum oxygen consumption.

Table 2 Pulmonary function tests performed before, at day 30, and at day 90 after radiotherapy

Parameters	Baseline Mean (range)	Day 30 Mean (range)	Day 90 Mean (range)	P-value
FVC (L)	2.94 (2.74–3.11)	2.94 (2.70–3.10)	2.68 (2.42–2.92)	0.033
FEV1 (L/s)	2.52 (2.43–2.68)	2.12 (2.04–2.64)	2.30 (2.15–2.52)	0.042
FEV1% pred (FEV1/FVC)	85.7 (77.8–99.8)	83.7 (75–99.8)	84.5 (75.3–90.8)	0.053
MMEF25–75 (L/s)	3.36 (3.18–3.53)	3.35 (3.16–3.52)	3.32(3.15–3.49)	0.075
VO2 max (L/min)	1.84 (1.69–2.09)	1.72 (1.67–1.77)	1.70 (1.65–1.74)	0.062
DLCO (mmol/kPa/min)	8.04 (7.72–8.36)	7.95 (7.58–8.31)	7.81 (7.50–8.18)	0.031
FEF50 (L/s)	4.04 (3.79–4.36)	3.90 (3.73–4.34)	3.98 (3.78–4.02)	0.054
PEFR (%)	94.5 (83.9–104.8)	92.9 (81.85–103.37)	93.6 (83.15–101.47)	0.083

Notes: Bold figures represent P<0.05.

Abbreviations: FVC, forced vital capacity; FEV₁, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; MMEF_25–75, maximum mid expiratory flow; VO₂max, maximum oxygen consumption; DLCO, carbon monoxide diffusing capacity; FEF₅₀, forced expiratory flow at 50%; PEFR, peak expiratory flow rate.

Figure 7 Cumulative lung-dose constraint DVH data.

Abbreviation: DVH, dose-volume histogram.