Hormone Therapy and Factors Affecting Fertility of Women Under 50-Year-Old with Breast Cancer

Figures & data

Figure 1 Chart of the research implementation process.

Table 1 Classification and Type of Hormone

Oral contraceptives	Contraceptive LD
	Contraceptive HD
	Contraceptive Tri phasic
	Levonorgestrel
	Lynestrenol
Injectable ampoule	Cyclophoma
	Depogesteron (DMPA)
Implant capsule in the arm	Norplant
Inside the uterus	IUD

Table 2 Univariate and Multivariate Logistic Regression for Risk Factors of Breast Cancer

Variable			Case/Control (%)	Crude OR (95% CI)	Adjusted OR (95% CI)
Demographic information	Age group	≤30	14/69 (16.87)	Reference	Reference
		31–40	70/14,632.41)	2.36 (1.2–4.48)	2.5 (1.3–5.1)
		41–49	128/193 (39.88)	3.26 (1.7–6.05)	3.6 (1.9–7.1)
	Level of education	Illiterate	28/78 (26.4)	Reference
		≤9	107/167 (39.0)	1.7 (1.0, 2.9)
		10–12	41/79 (34.2)	1.4 (0.8, 2.5)
		≥13	36/84 (30.0)	1.9 (0.6, 2.1)
	Location	Urban	170/349 (32.8)	Reference
		Rural	42/59 (71.2)	1.4 (0.9–2.2)
	Marital status	Married	176/334 (34.5)	Reference
		Single	27/54 (33.3)	0.9 (0.5–1.5)
		Divorced/widowed	9/20 (31.0)	0.8 (0.3–1.9)
Lifestyle status	BMI (kg/m^2)	<24.9	63/140 (31.0)	Reference
		24.9–29.9	99/166 (37.4)	1.3 (0.8–1.9)
		29.9–34.9	35/84 (29.4)	0.9 (0.5–1.5)
		>34.9	15/18 (45.5)	1.8 (0.8–3.9)
	Nutrition	Favorable	12/10 (54.5)	Reference
		Unfavorable	200/398 (33.4)	2.38 (1.01–5.6)
	Physical activity	Favorable	14/40 (26.0)	Reference
		Unfavorable	75/170 (30.6)	1.2 (0.6–2.4)
		No	123/198 (38.3)	1.7 (0.9–3.3)
	Smoking	No	210/407 (34.0)	Reference
		Yes	2/1 (66.7)	3.8 (0.3–42.9)
	Contact with a smoker	No	149/317 (32.0)	Reference
		Yes	63/91 (41.0)	1.41 (1.01–2.1)
Status of factors affecting fertility	Age of the first menstruation	Late menstruation (≥14)	95/224 (30.0)	Reference	Reference
		Normal age (12–13)	100/160 (38.5)	1.4 (1.04–2.08)	1.4 (1.03–2.1)
		Early menstruation (≤12)	17/24 (41.5)	1.6 (0.8–3.2)	1.6 (0.8–3.4)
	Age at the first marriage	≤20	107/235 (31.3)	Reference
		21–30	64/108 (37.2)	1.3 (0.8–1.9)
		≥31	14/11 (56.0)	2.7 (1.2–6.3)
		Non-married	27/54 (33.3)	1.09 (0.6–1.83)
	Age at the first pregnancy leading to a live birth	<20	72/170 (29.8)	Reference	Reference
		21–30	82/146 (36.0)	1.3 (0.9–1.9)	1.4 (0.9–2.1)
		≥31	24/14 (63.1)	4.07 (1.9–8.2)	4.5 (2.06–9.8)
		Non-pregnancy	34/78 (30.4)	1.02 (0.6–1.6)	2.00 (1.03–3.8)
	Number of pregnancies	1–2	100/180 (36.0)	Reference
		3–4	69/114 (38.0)	1.08 (0.7–1.6)
		≥5	9/36 (20.0)	0.45 (0.2–0.9)
		Infertility/single	34/78 (30.4)	0.7 (0.4–1.2)
	Lactation history	Yes	170/320 (34.7)	Reference
		No	42/88 (32.3)	0.8 (0.5–1.3)
	Lactation duration (month)	No	41/89 (31.5)	Reference
		1–24	36/70 (34.0)	1.1 (0.6–1.9)
		25–60	87/128 (40.5)	1.4 (0.9–2.3)
		≥61	48/121 (28.4)	0.8 (0.5–1.4)
	Abortion history	No	148/309 (32.4)	Reference
		Yes	64/99 (39.3)	1.3 (0.9–1.9)
Hormone intake status	Use of hormones for contraception	No	61/143 (30.0)	Reference	Reference
		Yes	151/265 (36.3)	1.3 (0.9–1.8)	2.02 (1.2–3.3)
	Hormone therapy*	No	163/350 (32.0)	Reference	Reference
		Yes	49/58 (46.0)	1.8 (1.1–2.7)	1.9 (1.2–3.04)
Family history of breast cancer	A positive family history of breast cancer	No	181/378 (32.4)	Reference	Reference
		First	13/11 (54.2)	2.4 (1.08–5.6)	3.01 (1.2–7.2)
		Second	18/19 (48.6)	1.9 (1.01–3.8)	2.3 (1.1–4.8)
The state of radiation therapy	History of radiation therapy on the chest	No	168/338 (33.2)	Reference
		One time	22/43 (34.0)	1.02 (0.5–1.7)
		Two and more	22/27 (45.1)	1.63 (0.9–2.9)

Notes: *Infertility, abortion, menopause, bleeding, ovarian cyst; Goodness of fit model. Sensitivity=62.7; Specificity=87.5; Accuracy=79.03.

Figure 2 Dose-response relationship for (A) Use of hormones for contraception, (B) Hormone therapy, (C) Age of the first menstruation, and (D) Age at the first pregnancy leading to a live birth after controlling of age, education level, place of living, marital status, smoking, number of deliveries, duration of breastfeeding, nutritional status, and family history of breast cancer.