Breast Self-Examination Practice Among Women in Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Figures & data

Table 1 Distribution of Respondent’s’ Background Characteristics Among Childbearing Age Group Women of Jimma Town, Oromia Region, Southwest Ethiopia, 2018

Variables	Response Category	Frequency (N=686)	Percent
Age (years)	15–35	496	72.3
	36–49	190	27.7
Educational status	Secondary education (9–12)	307	44.8
	Primary school (1–8)	169	24.6
	College and above	129	18.8
	No formal Education	81	11.8
Marital status	Married	488	71.1
	Single	73	10.6
	Widowed	62	9.0
	Divorced/separated	63	9.2
Occupation	Employed	318	46.4
	House wife	211	30.8
	Farmer	128	18.7
	Private Business	29	4.2
Family history of breast cancer	Yes	81	11.8
	No	605	88.2
Personal History of breast cancer	Yes	75	10.9
	No	611	89.1
Monthly income	Low income	426	62.1
	Middle income	211	30.8
	High income	49	7.1

Table 2 Distribution of Respondent’s Knowledge of BSE Among Childbearing Age Group Women of Jimma Town, Oromia Region, Southwest Ethiopia, 2018

Variables		Frequency	Percent
Breast self-examination is the assessment made on the breast by an individual to check for breast lumps.	Yes	266	38.8
	No	420	61.2
Breast self-examination should be done every month	Yes	221	32.2
	No	465	67.8
Examining breasts is done 1–7 days after the end of menstrual period	Yes	192	28
	No	494	72
Breast self-examination is done looking at breasts in the mirror	Yes	201	29.3
	No	485	70.7
Breast self-examination is done with arms raised over head	Yes	215	31.3
	No	471	68.7
Examining one’s breast is possible while lying down	Yes	194	28.3
	No	492	71.7
In breast self-examination, the women need to look for lumps using tips of fingers	Yes	151	22
	No	535	78
Breast self-examination is done in a circular, clockwise motion moving from outside in	Yes	196	28.6
	No	490	71.4
In breast self-examination, the women need to squeeze the nipples of each breast to look for discharge	Yes	197	28.7
	No	459	71.3
When examining breast, feel for lumps, thickening and look for lumps under armpits	Yes	184	26.8
	No	502	73.2
Examining breast should begin at age 20	Yes	157	22.9
	No	529	77.1

Figure 1 Respondent’s breast self-examination practice levels among childbearing age group women of Jimma town, Oromia region, southwest Ethiopia, 2018.

Table 3 Respondent’s Breast Self-Examination Practice Frequency and Appropriate Time Distribution Among Childbearing Age Group Women of Jimma Town, Oromia Region, Southwest Ethiopia, 2018

Variables		Frequency	No
Have you ever examined your breast by your hands	Yes	103	15
	No	583	85
How frequently do you practice		Frequency	Percent
Weekly		11	10.7
Monthly		47	45.6
Annually		28	27.2
When I remember but not regular		17	16.5
Appropriate time for performing breast self-examination		Frequency	Percent
1 −7 days after menstruation		49	47.6
Before menstruation		15	14.6
At any time		39	37.9

Figure 2 Respondent’s reason for practicing breast self-examination distribution among childbearing age group women of Jimma town, Oromia region, southwest Ethiopia, 2018. (N=103).

Figure 3 Respondent’s reason for not practice breast self-examination distribution among childbearing age group women of Jimma town, Oromia region, southwest Ethiopia, 2018. (N=583).

Table 4 The Association Between Socio-Demographic and Breast Self-Examination Practice of Respondents Among Childbearing Age Group Women of Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia, 2018

Variables	COR/95% CI/P-value	AOR/95% CI/P-value	Variables
Age (years)	21–35	1.835/1.081,3.114/0.024*	2.072/1.146, 3.747/0.016**
	36–49	1	1
Educational status	College and above	1.208/0.589, 2.479/0.606	1.809/0.737,4.442/0.196
	Secondary education	0.953/0.498, 1.826/0.886	1.489/0.682,3.253/0.318
	Primary school	0.366/0.161,0.833/0.017*	0.438/0.177,1.080/0.075
	No formal education	1	1
Marital status	Divorced/separated	0.675/0.279, 1.687/0.400
	Single	1.290/0.767, 2.170/0 0.337
	Married	1.460/0.780, 2.733/0.237
	Widowed	1
Occupation	Employed	3.916/1.637, 9.367/0.002*	3.936/1.497,10.351/0.005**
	Private business	1.672/0.762,3.671/0.200*	1.402/0.790, 2.469/0.242
	Farmer	1.264/0.877,1.823/0.210*	1.598/0.743, 3.437/0.230
	House wife	0.869/0.540,1.399/0.563	1
Knowledge of breast self-examination	Poor	0.810/0.532,1.233/0.326
	Good	1.00
Family history of breast cancer	Yes	4.002/2.390,6.699/0.000*	4.167/2.358,7.364/0.000**
	No	1
Personal History of breast cancer	Yes	1.088/0.565,2.098/0.800
	No	1
Monthly income	Low income	1.766/0.527,5.916/0.356	1.973/0.544, 7.160/0.302
	Middle income	5.554/1.657,18,526/0.005*	5.570/1.557,19.922/0.008**
	High income	1	1

Notes: *Significant at p value<0.25. **Significant at p value<0.05>.