Breast Self-Examination Practice and Associated Factors Among Women Attending Family Planning Service in Modjo Public Health Facilities Southwest Ethiopia

Figures & data

Table 1 Sociodemographic Characteristics of Women Attending Family Planning in Modjo Town, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia, 2020

Variable (n=420)	Category	Frequency	Percent
Age	20–29	225	53.6
	30–39	133	31.6
	40–49	62	14.8
Marital status	Single	54	12.9
	Married	329	78.3
	Divorced	27	6.4
	Widowed	10	2.4
Educational status	No formal education	54	12.9
	Primary education (grade 1–8)	152	36.2
	Secondary education (grade 9–12)	122	29.0
	Tertiary education (diploma and above)	92	21.9
Employment status	Student	24	5.7
	Housewife	202	48.1
	Government employed	72	17.1
	Self-employed	51	12.1
	Private employed	71	17.0

Figure 1 Family and personal history of breast disease among women attending public health facilities in Modjo town, Ethiopia, 2020.

Table 2 Knowledge of BSE Among Women Attending Public Health Facilities in Modjo Town, Ethiopia, 2020

Variables	Category	Frequency	Percent
Ever heard about breast self-examination	Yes	296	70.5
	No	124	29.5
Source of information	Mass media	178	60.1
	Health professionals	95	32.1
	Friends/ relatives/neighbors	23	7.8
Age to start BSE	At age less than20	72	24.3
	At Age 20	108	36.5
	At age 30	94	31.7
	I do not know	22	7.5
Frequency BSE should be performed	Monthly	131	44.2
	Every 3 month	96	32.4
	Other	69	23.4
Time to perform BSE	Few days before menses	83	28
	2–3 days after menses	112	37.8
	Anytime During menses	91	30.7
	I do not know	10	3.5
Body position to perform BSE	Standing in front of the mirror	186	62.8
	Lying down	79	26.7
	I do not know	9	3.1
	Other	22	7.4
Benefit of BSE	To become familiar with how your breasts normally look and feel	57	19.3
	To identify changes you see or feel in your breasts	75	25.3
	I do not know	164	55.4
Technique to perform BSE	Inspecting the breast in front of the mirror	65	21.9
	Palpating using the finger pads in circular motion	77	26
	Squeezing the tip of the nipple for Discharge	82	27.7
	I do not know	72	24.4
Signs of breast cancer when BSE performed	Breast lump	43	14.5
	Swelling of the breast	28	9.5
	Bloody Discharge	69	23.3
	I do not know	156	52.7
Do you think finding changes in your breasts does mean there is cancer?	Yes	213	72
	No	83	28

Figure 2 Attitude towards breast self-examination practice among women attending public health facilities in Modjo town, Ethiopia, 2020.

Table 3 BSE Practice Among Women Attending Public Health Facilities in Modjo Town, Ethiopia, 2020

Variable	Option	Frequency	Percent
Ever performed BSE	Yes	86	20.5
	No	334	79.5
Reasons to perform (n=86)	For early detection and treatment of breast cancer	39	45.3
	Fear of developing breast cancer	33	38.4
	Recommended by professionals	14	16.3
Age when you started performing BSE(n=86)	< 20 years	21	24.4
	At 20 years	13	15.1
	At 30 years	30	34.9
	At 35years	22	25.6
Frequency of performing BSE (n=86)	Monthly	11	12.8
	Every 6 month	51	59.3
	Annually	24	27.9
Time of performing BSE (n=86)	Few days before menses	31	36.0
	2–3 days after menses	15	17.4
	Anytime during menses	40	46.5
The body position used while performing BSE	Standing in front of a mirror	44	51
	Lying down	42	49
BSE techniques used while performing BSE	Inspection of the breast in front of a mirror	34	39.5
	Palpation of the breasts with the pads of the 3 middle fingers in a circular motion	23	26.7
	Squeezing the tip of the nipples for discharge	29	33.8
Used the right hand to palpate the left breast and the left hand to palpate the right breast	Yes	22	25.6
	No	64	74.4
Signs of breast cancer checked during BSE	Breast lump	25	29.1
	Swelling of the breast	15	17.4
	Bloody discharge	19	22.1
	Change in color and shape of the breast skin	27	31.4

Figure 3 Reasons for not practicing breast self-examination among women attending public health facilities in Modjo town, Ethiopia, 2020.

Table 4 Factors Associated with BSE Practice Among Women Attending Public Health Facilities in Modjo Town, Ethiopia, 2020

Variables	BSE Practice		COR with 95% CI	AOR with 95% CI	p-value
	Yes	No
Age
20–29	34	191	0.67(0.32, 1.36)	2.18(0.84, 5.69)
30–39	39	94	1.56(1.16, 3.20)	0.45(0.12, 1.58)
40–49	13	49	1	1
Employment status
Housewife	12	190	1	1
Student	11	13	0.14(0.04, 3.41)	0.30(0.52, 1.77)
Private employed	22	49	0.12(0.10, 2.61)	0.61(0.17, 2.19)
Government employed	28	44	0.06(0.02, 0.72)	1.10(0.12, 1.76)
Self employed	13	38	0.14(0.12, 1.41)	0.47(0.24, 4.94)
Educational status
Primary education and below(1–8)	6	200	1	1
Secondary education (9–12)	20	102	0.15(0.12, 0.60)	0.39(0.13, 1.14)	0.087
Tertiary education(diploma and above)	60	32	0.02(0.01, 0.73)	2.14(1.45, 6.74)	0.000**
Family history of breast cancer
Yes	19	17	5.28(2.61, 10.70)	1.10(0.24, 2.81)
No	67	317	1	1
Personal history of breast disease
Yes	18	36	2.19(1.74, 4.09)	2.11(0.59, 7.54)
No	68	298	1	1
Knowledge
Knowledgeable	60	66	9.37(2.45, 17.02)	4.32(1.81, 10.81)	0.000**
Not knowledgeable	26	268	1	1
Attitude
Positive attitude	70	213	2.48(1.38, 4.47)	2.7(1.03, 6.91)	0.043*
Negative attitude	16	121	1	1

Notes: *Shows statistically significant at p<0.05, **Shows statistically significant at p<0.001.

Abbreviations: AOR, adjusted odds ratio; COR, crude odds ratio.