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Original Research

Importance of perforating vessels in nipple-sparing mastectomy: an anatomical description

, , , , , , , , , , & show all
Pages 179-181 | Published online: 14 Jul 2015

Figures & data

Figure 1 Maximum intensity projection post-processing three-dimensional angiographic reconstruction images on axial (A) and sagittal (B) view.

Notes: In (A), evidence of enlarged hyperemic anterior perforating arteries are shown on the left breast. In (B) this is well depicted in three-dimensional magnetic resonance angiographic images of the origin of the perforating anterior branches from the internal thoracic arteries.
Figure 1 Maximum intensity projection post-processing three-dimensional angiographic reconstruction images on axial (A) and sagittal (B) view.

Figure 2 Maximum intensity projection post-processing three-dimensional magnetic resonance angiographic images on axial (A) and coronal (B) views.

Notes: The right breast shows an enlarged hyperemic dorsal branch of the anterior perforating arteries, and (B) shows the origin of cutaneous and nipple-areolar vessels from the anterior perforating branch, known as “Major”.
Figure 2 Maximum intensity projection post-processing three-dimensional magnetic resonance angiographic images on axial (A) and coronal (B) views.