Safety and esthetic outcomes of therapeutic mammoplasty using medial pedicle for early breast cancer

Figures & data

Figure 1 Planning of the pedicle.

Notes: Black arrow points to the part to be resected; red arrow points to the intact part of the pedicle; blue arrow points to the deepithelialized part of the pedicle; green arrow points to the tumor location marked after ultrasonographic guidance.

Figure 2 Tumor resection after deepithelialization.

Notes: (A) Deepithelialization of the distal half of the pedicle; black arrow points to the part to be resected; red arrow points to the intact part of the pedicle; blue arrow points to the deepithelialized part of the pedicle; (B and C) excision of the tumor-bearing area; (D) appearance after removal of the tumor-bearing area; (E) axillary dissection from the same wound; (F) specimen containing the tumor.

Figure 3 Therapeutic mammoplasty.

Notes: (A) One-month postoperative view after bilateral medial pedicle therapeutic mammoplasty; (B) 3 months after unilateral procedure.

Table 1 Tumor characteristics

Tumor characteristics	N (%)
Location of the tumor
Upper quadrant	18 (60)
Lower quadrant	8 (26.7)
Lateral quadrant	4 (13.3)
Tumor pathology
Invasive ductal carcinoma	28 (93.3)
Invasive lobular carcinoma	1 (3.3)
Medullary carcinoma	1 (3.3)
Grade
G1	5 (16.7)
G2	22 (73.3)
G3	3 (10)
AJCC staging
Stage 1	6 (20)
Stage 2	24 (80)
Estrogen receptor status
Positive	23 (76.7)
Negative	7 (23.3)
Lymphovascular invasion
Absent	20 (66.7)
Present	10 (33.3)
Specimen weight	220–840 g
Specimen diameter	50–80 mm
Pathological tumor size	25–50 mm
Safety margin	20–40 mm

Abbreviation: AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer.

Table 2 Postoperative complications

Complications	Oncoplastic breast (n=30)	Contralateral breast (n=14)
Minor complications
Hematoma	2 (6.7%)	1 (7.1%)
Wound infection	1 (3.3%)	1 (7.1%)
Seroma	2 (6.7%)	0
Major complications
Fat necrosis	0	0
NAC necrosis	0	0
Wound dehiscence	0	0
Total	5 (16.7%)	2 (14.3%)

Abbreviation: NAC, nipple/areolar complex.