Standardization of Prasaplai, a Thai traditional preparation for antidysmenorrhea

Figures & data

Table 1 HPLC system and common conditions

Pump	HP 1050, multisolvent system Millipore (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, USA)
Flow rate	1 mL/min
Column	Synergi Max-RP (C12), 150×4.6 mm, 4 μm (Phenomenex, Torrance, CA, USA)
Guard cartridge	Security Guard (Phenomenex, USA)
Oven column	HP 1050 at 40°C (Agilent, USA)
Injector	HP 1050, Autosampler injection volume 10 μL (Agilent, USA)
Detector	HP 1050, Photodiode array detector at 254 nm (Agilent, USA)

Abbreviation: HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography.

Figure 1 Structure of marker compounds for Acorus calamus and Citrus hystrix.

Figure 2 Structures of markers for Curcuma zedoaria.

Table 2 Linear regression equation and concentration ranges of markers for Curcuma zedoaria

Compound	Regression equation	r^Citation2	Range
Curcumin	Y = 42.596X – 119.78	0.9995	3.95–197.60
Demethoxycurcumin	Y = 47.673X – 30.152	0.9999	4.82–96.30
Bis-demethoxycurcumin	Y = 37.402X – 150.74	0.9994	4.67–93.40

Note: Reproduced from Paramapojn S. Standardization and Biological Activities of Prasaplai, a Thai Traditional Medicine [Ph.D. thesis]. Salaya: Mahidol University; 2008.⁶

Figure 3 Structures of markers for Eleutherine americana.

Table 3 Linear regression equation and concentration ranges of makers for Eleutherine americana

Compound	Regression equation	r^Citation2	Range
Eleutherinoside A	Y = 26.758X + 3.989	1.000	6.28–201.0
Eleutherinoside B	Y = 32.556X + 53.882	0.9999	7.09–227.0
Isoeleutherin	Y = 26.972X + 76.761	0.9998	6.34–203.0
Eleutherin	Y = 27.711X – 10.931	1.000	6.69–214.0
Eleutherol	Y = 57.651X + 121.17	0.9996	7.28–233.0

Note: Reproduced from Paramapojn S. Standardization and Biological Activities of Prasaplai, a Thai Traditional Medicine [Ph.D. thesis]. Salaya: Mahidol University; 2008.⁶

Figure 4 Structures of markers for Nigella sativa and Piper retrofractum.

Figure 5 Structures of markers for Zingiber cassumunar.

Notes: (A) E-4-(3,4-dimthoxyphenyl)but-3-en-1-ol, (B) curcumin, and (C) cis-3-(2′, 4′, 5′-trimethoxyphenyl)-4-[(E)-2′′′, 4′′′, 5′′′-trimethoxystyryl]cyclohex-1-ene.

Table 4 Linear regression equation and concentration ranges of makers for Zingiber cassumunar

Compound	Regression equation	r^Citation2	Range
A	Y = 170.45X – 32.391	0.9998	6.31–202.0
B	Y = 51.603X - 59.176	0.9995	3.22–103.0
C	Y = 82.033X – 177.72	0.9992	3.16–101.0

Note: Reproduced from Paramapojn S. Standardization and Biological Activities of Prasaplai, a Thai Traditional Medicine [Ph.D. thesis]. Salaya: Mahidol University; 2008.⁶

Figure 6 Structure of a marker for Zingiber officinale.

Figure 7 Structures of artifacts 1–3.

Table 5 Calibration equation, correlation coefficient, and limit of quantification of standard compounds for standardization of Prasaplai preparation

Compound	Regression equation	(r^Citation2)	LOQ (μg/mL)	Range (μg/mL)
Compound D	Y = 775997X + 4257	0.9997	1.50	54.0–272
DMPBD	Y = 2108049X – 31833	0.9994	1.46	20.0–40.0
Compound 1	Y = 105593X + 1772	0.9992	1.10	54.0–272
Compound 2	Y = 102038X + 700	0.9996	0.90	37.0–188
Compound 3	Y = 536401X + 1332	0.9992	1.60	1.80–32.0

Note: Reproduced from Tangyuenyongwatana P, Gritsanapan W. Standardization and Biological Activities of Prasaplai, a Thai Traditional Medicine. Songklanakarin J Sci Technol. 2009;31(5):527–531.³⁵

Abbreviations: DMPBD, (E)-1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl) butadiene; LOQ, limit of quantification.

Nualkaew S, Gritsanapan W, Petereit F, Nahrstedt A. New fatty acid esters originate during storage by the interaction of components in Prasaplai, a Thai traditional medicine. Planta Med. 2004;70:1243–1246.

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Paramapojn S. Standardization and Biological Activities of Prasaplai, a Thai Traditional Medicine [Ph.D. thesis]. Salaya: Mahidol University; 2008.

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Tangyuenyongwatana P, Gritsanapan W. Determination of appropriate solvent for preparation of Thai traditional medicine Prasaplai extract. Songklanakarin J Sci Technol. 2009;31(5):527–531.

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