Health-Related Quality of Life and Its Associated Factors Among Burn Patients at Governmental Referral Hospitals of Amhara Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia, 2020: Institutional-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Figures & data

Table 1 Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Respondents at Amhara Regional State Referral Governmental Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia from June 01 to July 15, 2020 (n=405)

Variables	Category	Frequency (n)	Percentage (%)
Age	18–30	173	42.7
	31–40	96	23.7
	41–50	71	17.5
	51–60	27	6.7
	≥61	38	9.4
Sex	Male	281	69.4
	Female	124	30.6
Residence	Urban	246	60.7
	Rural	159	39.3
Marital status	Single	117	28.9
	Married	161	39.8
	Separated	127	31.4
Educational status	No education	96	23.7
	Primary education	138	34.1
	Secondary education	129	31.9
	More than secondary	42	10.4
Occupational status	Self-employed	169	41.7
	Government employed	103	25.4
	Unemployed	133	32.8
Income status	≤2500	161	39.8
	25,001–5000	140	34.6
	5001–8000	63	15.6
	≥8000	41	10.0

Table 2 Burn-Specific Factors Responded by Participants at Amhara Regional State Referral Governmental Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia from June 01 to July 15, 2020 (n=405)

Variables	Category	Frequency (n)	Percentage (%)
Cause of burn trauma	Scald	174	43.0
	Flame	92	22.7
	Electricity	85	21.0
	Chemical	54	13.3
Burn place	Home	277	68.4
	Out of home	128	31.6
Burn depth	1st degree	90	22.2
	2nd degree	127	31.4
	3rd degree	188	46.4
Affected body part	Exposed	129	31.9
	Unexposed	276	68.1
% TBSA	<20%	97	24
	≥20%	308	76
Comorbidity	Yes	101	24.9
	No	304	75.1
Surgery	Yes	214	52.8
	No	191	47.2
Type of complication	Scar	108	26.7
	Contracture	168	41.5
	Amputation	129	31.9
Time since burn	< 3 months	233	57.5
	3–6 months	91	22.5
	6–12 months	26	6.4
	>12 months	55	13.6

Table 3 Adjusted BSHS-B Survey Tool for Assessing Quality of Life of Burn Patients Responded by Participants at Amhara Regional State Referral Governmental Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia from June 01 to July 15, 2020 (n=405)

(A) How Much Difficulty Do You Have:	Extreme	Quite a Bit	Moderate	A Little Bit	None
	N (%)	N (%)	N (%)	N (%)	N (%)
Bathing independently?	115 (28.4)	76 (18.8)	19 (4.7)	191 (47.2)	4 (1.0)
Dressing by yourself?	19 (4.7)	170 (42.0)	19 (4.7)	184 (45.4)	13 (3.2)
Getting in and out of a chair?	19 (4.7)	212 (52.3)	95 (23.5)	59 (14.6)	20 (4.9)
Signing your name?	18 (4.4)	150 (37.0)	115 (28.4)	116 (28.6)	6 (1.5)
Eating with utensils?	19 (4.7)	115 (28.4)	40 (9.9)	151 (37.3)	80 (19.8)
Tying shoelaces/bows?	20 (4.9)	135 (33.3)	56 (13.8)	134 (33.1)	60 (14.8)
Picking up coins from a flat surface?	37 (9.1)	59 (14.6)	97 (24.0)	187 (46.2)	25 (6.2)
Unlocking a door?	20 (4.9)	115 (28.4)	95 (23.5)	150 (37.0)	25 (6.2)
Working in your job/ performing your duties?	37 (9.1)	118 (29.1)	38 (9.4)	150 (37.0)	2.(15)
(B) To What Extent Does Each of the Following Statements Describe You?	Extremely	Quite a Bit	Moderately	A Little Bit	Not at All
	N (%)	N (%)	N (%)	N (%)	N (%)
I am troubled by feelings of loneliness	17 (4.2)	125 (30.9)	145 (35.8)	76 (18.8)	42 (10.4)
I often feel sad or blue	38 (9.4)	57 (14.1)	98 (24.2)	168 (41.5)	44 (10.9)
At times, I think I have had an emotional problem	18 (4.4)	109 (26.9)	54 (13.3)	167 (41.2)	57 (14.1)
I am not interested in doing things with my friends	109 (26.9)	35 (8.6)	74 (18.3)	113 (27.9)	74 (18.3)
I do not enjoy visiting people	10 (2.5)	145 (35.8)	30 (7.4)	163 (40.2)	57 (14.1)
I have no one to talk to about my problems	36 (8.9)	74 (18.3)	74 (18.3)	202 (49.9)	19 (4.7)
I have feelings of being caught or trapped	18 (4.4)	130 (32.1)	38 (9.4)	169 (41.7)	50 (12.3)
My problems have put me further away from my family	74 (18.3)	93 (23.0)	56 (13.8)	112 (27.7)	70 (17.3)
I would rather be alone than with my family	18 (4.4)	55 (13.6)	113 (27.9)	169 (41.7)	50 (12.3)
I do not like the way my family acts around me	19 (4.7)	110 (27.2)	76 (18.8)	168 (41.5)	32 (7.9)
My family would be better off without me	9 (2.2)	149 (36.8)	55 (13.6)	124 (30.6)	68 (16.8)
I feel frustrated because I cannot be sexually aroused as well as I used to.	38 (9.4)	136 (33.6)	19 (4.7)	193 (47.7)	19 (4.7)
I am simply not interested in sex any more	10 (2.5)	131 (32.3)	39 (9.6)	209 (51.6)	16 (4.0)
I no longer hug, hold or kiss	118 (29.1)	57 (14.1)	39 (9.6)	153 (37.8)	38 (9.4)
Sometimes, I would like to think that my appearance has not changed with time	9 (2.2)	149 (36.8)	57 (14.1)	170 (42.0)	20 (4.9)
I feel that my body is unattractive to others	23 (5.7)	132 (32.6)	59 (14.6)	188 (46.4)	3 (0.7)
My general appearance really bothers me	17 (4.2)	138 (34.1)	76 (18.8)	152 (37.5)	22 (5.4)
The appearance of my body bothers me	56 (13.8)	94 (23.2)	151 (37.3)	95 (23.5)	9 (2.2)
Being out in the sun bothers me	37 (9.1)	108 (26.7)	71 (17.5)	105 (25.9)	84 (20.7)
Hot weather bothers me	18 (4.4)	126 (31.1)	139 (34.3)	68 (16.8)	54 (13.3)
I cannot get out and do things in hot weather	16 (4.0)	138 (34.1)	107 (26.4)	92 (22.7)	52 (12.8)

Table 4 Factors Associated with Health-Related Quality of Life Among Burn Patients at Amhara Regional State Referral Governmental Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia from June 01 to July 15, 2020 (n=405)

Variables	Category	Health-Related QoL		COR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)	P value
		Poor	Good
Residence	Urban	150	96	1
	Rural	83	76	0.70 (0.47–1.05)
Sex	Male	155	126	1
	Female	78	46	1.38 (0.89–2.13)
Burn depth	1st degree	45	45	1	1
	2nd degree	5	82	0.55 (0.32–0.95)
	3rd degree	143	45	3.18 (1.87–5.41)	4.37 (2.37–8.03)	<0.001**
% TBSA	<20%	42	55	1	1
	≥20%	191	117	2.14 (1.35–3.40)	3.40 (1.91–6.07)	<0.001**
Affected body Part	Exposed	86	43	1.75 (1.14–2.71)	2.93 (1.74–4.93)	<0.001**
	Unexposed	147	129	1	1
Co-morbidity	Yes	70	31	1.95 (1.21–3.15)	3.73(2.03–6.88)	<0.001**
	No	163	141	1	1
Type of Complication	Scar	55	53	1	1
	Contracture	88	80	1.06 (0.65–1.72)
	Amputation	90	39	2.22 (1.31–3.79)	2.48 (1.33–4.63)	0.004*

Notes: 1= Reference group; **statistically significant at P≤ 0.001. *Statistically significant at P≤ 0.005.