Association Between Helicobacter pylori-Negative Peptic Ulcer Disease and Chronic Urticaria: A Retrospective Observational Study

Figures & data

Figure 1 Inclusion of the study participants.

Table 1 Characteristics of the Study Participants

	Peptic Ulcer Disease (n = 40)	Control (n = 80)	Standardize Difference (95% Confidence Interval)	P value
Age (years)	53.40±18.78	51.21±20.36	0.11 (−0.27–0.49)	0.570
Sex			0.15 (−0.23–0.53)	0.438
Male	21 (52.50%)	36 (45.00%)
Female	19 (47.50%)	44 (55.00%)
Allergic rhinitis	6 (15.00%)	15 (18.75%)	0.10 (−0.28–0.48)	0.610
Asthma	5 (12.50%)	3 (3.75%)	0.32 (−0.06–0.71)	0.115
Other chronic lung diseases	12 (30.00%)	20 (25.00%)	0.11 (−0.27–0.49)	0.559
Coronary heart disease	6 (15.00%)	18 (22.50%)	0.19 (−0.19–0.57)	0.333
Liver disease	4 (10.00%)	5 (6.25%)	0.14 (−0.24–0.52)	0.479
Renal disease	7 (17.50%)	5 (6.25%)	0.35 (−0.03–0.74)	0.053
Thyroid disease	2 (5.00%)	2 (2.50%)	0.13 (−0.25–0.51)	0.600
Diabetes	3 (7.50%)	12 (15.00%)	0.24 (−0.14–0.62)	0.242
Rheumatic disease	1 (2.50%)	2 (2.50%)	0.00 (−0.38–0.38)	1.000
Malignant tumor	1 (2.50%)	1 (1.25%)	0.09 (−0.29–0.47)	1.000
Atopic dermatitis	2 (5.00%)	1 (1.25%)	0.22 (−0.16–0.60)	0.257
Family history of chronic urticaria	1 (2.50%)	4 (5.00%)	0.13 (−0.25–0.51)	0.664
Chronic urticaria	10 (25.00%)	7 (8.75%)	0.44 (0.06–0.83)	0.016

Table 2 Univariable Analysis of Covariates Associated with Chronic Urticaria

	Odds Ratio	95% CI	P value
Age (years)	0.98	0.95–1.01	0.165
Sex
Male	1.0
Female	1.80	0.62–5.23	0.281
Allergic rhinitis
No	1.0
Yes	1.56	0.45–5.35	0.483
Asthma
No	1.0
Yes	2.16	0.40–11.68	0.373
Other chronic lung diseases
No	1.0
Yes	0.82	0.25–2.74	0.753
Coronary heart disease
No	1.0
Yes	0.22	0.03–1.73	0.149
Liver disease
No	1.0
Yes	0.74	0.09–6.34	0.785
Renal disease
No	1.0
Yes	1.24	0.25–6.22	0.794
Thyroid disease
No	1.0
Yes	0.00	0.00-Inf	0.990
Diabetes
No	1.0
Yes	1.62	0.41–6.49	0.492
Rheumatic disease
No	1.0
Yes	3.16	0.27–36.86	0.359
Malignant tumor
No	1.0
Yes	6.37	0.38–107.11	0.198
Atopic dermatitis
No	1.0
Yes	3.16	0.27–36.86	0.359
Family history of chronic urticaria
No	1.0
Yes	0.00	0.00-Inf	0.993

Abbreviation: CI, confidence interval.

Table 3 Multivariable Analysis Between Peptic Ulcer Disease and Chronic Urticaria

	Odds Ratio	95% CI	P value
Crude model
Control	1.0
Peptic ulcer disease	3.48	1.21–9.99	0.021
Adjusted model*
Control	1.0
Peptic ulcer disease	3.77	1.24–11.45	0.019

Note: *Adjusted for age, sex, coronary heart disease, and malignant tumor.

Abbreviation: CI, confidence interval.