Improvement of Basal Cell Carcinomas in Patients with Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome Following by 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Photodynamic Therapy: A Case Report

Figures & data

Figure 1 Main clinical manifestations. (A and B) Multiple plaques, maculopapules, atrophic scars with bulged edges and partial ulcerated skin lesions on his face; (C and D) Facial skin lesions after 8 sessions of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy.

Figure 2 Radiographic findings. (A) Panoramic radiograph of the oral cavity revealed multiple odontogenic keratocysts; (B) Skull computed tomography showed calcification of the falx cerebri; (C–F) Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen revealed mesenteric and para-aortic nodules, bilateral renal cysts (the right one-Bosniak grade III).

Figure 3 Histopathology of three skin lesions: discrete nests of basaloid cells in the dermis, the peripheral cells are arrayed like a palisade (orange arrows). Adjacent stromal retractions with empty space formations were also noticed (red arrows). Mucin existed among the tumor masses (blue arrow). (hematoxylin eosin, original magnification×40/100). (A–D) face. (E–F) back.

Table 1 Studies of Topical Photodynamic Therapy for Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome

	Year	Patients Number	Lesion Type	Photosensitizer (Concentration)	Light Resources	Irradiation Time	Energy Dosage or Density	Sessions	Clearance
Loncaster et al^Citation14	2005	25	Unknown	ALA (20%)	630±15nm red light	20–35min	100J/cm^2	1	(<1.5mm) 88% (≥1.5mm) 67%
Mougel et al^Citation15	2009	5	Superficial, nodular or pigmented BCCs	mALA	635nm red light	7min	37J/cm^2	2	40–88.1%
Loncaster et al^Citation16	2009	33	Superficial lesions (<2mm thick)	ALA (20%) or mALA	630±15nm red light	Unknown	100J/cm^2	>1	(1–2mm) 40.8% (<1mm) 73%
Pauwels et al^Citation17	2011	7	Superficial or nodular BCCs	mALA	634±3nm red light	740sec	37J/cm^2	2	Unknown
Segura et al^Citation18	2011	4	Superficial or nodular BCCs	mALA	630nm red light	Unknown	75J/cm^2 70–100mW/cm^2	2 (1–3cycles)	25–67%
Wolfe et al^Citation19	2012	1	Unknown	mALA	630nm red light	Unknown	101J/cm^2	2	Unknown
Girard et al^Citation13	2013	7	Superficial or nodular BCCs	mALA	635nm red light	10min	37J/cm^2	3	78%
Maytin et al^Citation20	2018	3	Superficial or nodular BCCs	ALA (20%)	630nm/417nm red/blue light	8min/1000sec	~37J/cm^2/~20J/cm^2	6	93%/98%
Li et al^Citation3	2020	1	Unknown	ALA (20%)	633nm red light	30min	40–60mW/cm^2	1	Unknown

Abbreviations: ALA, 5-aminolevulinic acid; mALA, methyl-aminolevulinate; BCCs, basal cell carcinomas.

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