Facial primer provides immediate and long-term improvements in mild-to-moderate facial hyperpigmentation and fine lines associated with photoaging

Figures & data

Table 1 Key ingredients in facial primer

Ingredient	Function	Reference
Zinc oxide, titanium dioxide	Sunscreen actives
Thermus thermophilus ferment	IR protection, UV protection, antioxidant, improve barrier	^Citation25,Citation26
Tocopheryl phosphate	Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory	^Citation27,Citation28
Acetylated Rheum rhaponticum root extract	Tyrosinase inhibition, decrease melanin transfer	^Citation29
Bidens pilosa extract	Antioxidant, retinoid-like activity, increase melanin removal	^Citation30,Citation31

Abbreviations: IR, infrared; UV, ultraviolet.

Table 2 Demographic information of PP study population (n=28)

Mean age (range), years	Ethnicity (% total)	Skin type (% total)	Mean baseline hyperpigmentation score (range)	Mean baseline fine lines score (range)
54.4 (40–64)	Hispanic (11)	II (50)	4.55 (3.5–6)	4.82 (3.5–5.5)
	Caucasian (82)	III (39)
	Mixed (7)	IV (11)

Abbreviation: PP, per-protocol.

Figure 1 Facial primer provides immediate improvement in the hyperpigmentation score at first application of primer with greater improvement at week 12 compared to baseline.

Note: *P≤0.001.

Figure 2 Facial primer provides significant improvement in additional parameters of photodamage at first application with greater improvement at week 12 compared to baseline.

Note: All P≤0.001.

Figure 3 Significant progressive improvements in the hyperpigmentation score with use of the facial primer over 12 weeks (no facial primer applied for these assessments).

Note: All P≤0.001.

Figure 4 Photographs of a 55-year-old subject with Fitzpatrick skin type II: baseline (left photo) and after 12 weeks of test product (without primer applied [center photo] and with primer applied [right photo]).

Figure 5 Photographs of a 49-year-old subject with Fitzpatrick skin type III: baseline (left photo) and after 12 weeks of test product (without primer applied [center photo] and with primer applied [right photo]).

Figure 6 Photographs of a 62-year-old subject with Fitzpatrick skin type IV: baseline (left photo) and after 12 weeks of test product (without primer applied [center photo] and with primer applied [right photo]).

LintnerKMas-ChamberlinCMondonPCosmeceuticals and active ingredientsClin Dermatol20092746146819695477

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

EberlinSCostaAPereiraAEffects of antioxidants in the protection of infrared radiation-induced matrix metalloproteinase-1 in human fibroblastJ Am Acad Dermatol201470AB155

 Web of Science ®Google Scholar

AzziATocopheryl phosphate, a novel natural form of vitamin E: in vitro and in vivo studiesFASEB J200620LB79LB80

 Google Scholar

GianelloRLibinakiRAzziAAlpha-tocopheryl phosphate: a novel, natural form of vitamin EFree Radic Biol Med20053997097616140216

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

Dell’AcquaGWagnerCLightening and illuminating skin with acetylated hydroxystilbenes from Rheum rhaponticumCosmet Toilet2011126634

 Google Scholar

ChiangYMChuangDYWangSYKuoYHTsaiPWShyurLFMetabolite profiling and chemopreventive bioactivity of plant extracts from Bidens pilosaJ Ethnopharmacol20049540941915507368

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar

DieamantGPereda MdelCNogueiraCAntiaging mechanisms of a standardized supercritical CO2 preparation of Black Jack (Bidens pilosa L.) in human fibroblasts and skin fragmentsEvid Based Complement Alternat Med2015201528052925883669

 PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar