Standardized Arrabidaea chica Extract Shows Cytoprotective Effects in Zoledronic Acid-Treated Fibroblasts and Osteoblasts

Figures & data

Table 1 Cell Viability of Fibroblasts and Osteoblasts After Isolated or Combined Zoledronic Acid and Arrabidaea Chica Extract Treatments

		Control	AC5	AC10	ZA	ZAAC5	ZAAC10
Fibroblasts*	24 h	102.8±7.1^a	85.3±4^a	90.7±5^a	98.3±8.9^a	75.4±5.9^b	92.9±12.4^a
	48 h	100.1±11.8^c	96.3±4.3^c	100.2±1.6^c	55.8±7.5^d	82.3±7.6^c,e	74.1±10.3^e
Osteoblasts*	24 h	108.4±5.1^a	100.24±7^a	97.2±10.9^a	63.3±3.5^b	82.4±8.1^c	68.7±2^b,c
	48 h	104.8±3.7^d	97.8±1.1^d	70.5±0.7^e	39.7±5.7^f	66±4.5^g	55.2±7.1^g

Notes: Results expressed as mean ± standard deviations of at least 3 independent experiments in triplicate (%); cell viability assessed by Crystal violet staining after 24 h or 48 h treatment; cell viability expressed in percentage considering untreated cells as 100%. *Comparisons are valid only for the same type of cells and time of treatment. The same superscript letters indicate statistical insignificance, and different letters indicate statistical significance; one-way ANOVA Tukey’s Test (α=0.05); p<0.0001. Cell lines: Fibroblasts = human gingival fibroblast cell line (FG); Osteoblasts = murine pre-osteoblast cell line (MC3T3-E1). Treatments: Control (untreated cells), AC: Arrabidaea chica hydroalcoholic standardized extract at 5 (AC5) or 10 (AC10) µg.mL⁻¹, ZA: Zoledronic acid 10 µM, ZAAC5: zoledronic acid 10 µM in combination with A. chica hydroalcoholic standardized extract 5 µg.mL⁻¹, ZAAC10: zoledronic acid 10 µM in combination with A. chica hydroalcoholic standardized extract 10 µg.mL⁻¹.

Figure 1 Caspase 3/7 activation on human fibroblasts (A) and murine pre-osteoblasts (B). Comparisons are valid only for the same type of cells and time of treatment. The same superscript letters indicate statistical insignificance, and different letters indicate statistical significance; one-way ANOVA Tukey’s Test (α=0.05); p<0.0001. (A) Human gingival fibroblast cell line (FG). (B) Murine pre-osteoblast cell line (MC3T3-E1). Percentage of active caspase 3/7 related to control after 24 h or 48 h treatment. Zoledronic acid 10 µM (ZA); zoledronic acid 10 µM in combination with 5 µg.mL⁻¹ Arrabidaea chica (ZAAC5); zoledronic acid 10 µM in combination with 10 µg.mL⁻¹ Arrabidaea chica (ZAAC10). Caspase 3/7 Glo^® Assay Promega^®. Averages of at least two independent experiments in triplicate.