Predictive Factors Affecting the Maxillary Alveolar Bone Thickness: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Study

Figures & data

Figure 1 CBCT Images generated parallel to the tooth axis in the: (A) axial, (B) coronal, and (C) sagittal planes. (D) Sagittal reconstruct showing measurements of the AMABT at alveolar crest, mid-root, and apex, as well as the Inc/PP angle.

Figure 2 CBCT Images generated parallel to the IC opening in the: (A) sagittal, (B) axial, and (C) coronal planes. (D) Sagittal reconstruct showing the measurement of the width of IC at the palatal opening measured on the horizontal orientation line.

Table 1 Descriptive Results of the Assessed Parameters (n=135)

	Mean	Standard Deviation
AMABT at alveolar crest (mm)	5.81	1.02
AMABT at mid-root (mm)	6.26	1.14
AMABT at apex (mm)	6.74	1.50
Inc./PP angle (mm)	116.19	8.78
IC width at palatal opening	3.83	1.10
Age (range: 17–63 years old)	34.08	13.79

Abbreviations: AMABT, anterior maxillary alveolar bone thickness; Inc/PP, incisor to palatal plane angle; IC, incisive canal.

Table 2 Association Between Inc/PP Angle and the AMABT at Three Levels (n=135). Significance Level is Set at P<0.05

Dependent Variable: Inc/PP	Unstandardized Coefficients		Standardized Coefficients	t	Sig.	95% Confidence Interval for B
	B	Std. Error	Beta			Lower Bound	Upper Bound
(Constant)	112.504	3.680		30.570	0.000	105.246	119.762
AMABT at alveolar crest	2.850	0.991	0.332	2.874	0.004**	0.894	4.805
AMABT at mid-root	−3.230	1.166	−0.419	−2.771	0.006**	−5.529	−0.932
AMABT at apex	1.089	0.654	0.187	1.665	0.097	−0.201	2.379

Notes: Dependent variable: Inc/PP (incisor to palatal plane) angle. Predictors: (constant), AMABT at alveolar crest, AMABT at mid-root, AMABT at apex. Significance level: **P<0.01. Adjusted R²=0.034.

Abbreviation: AMABT, anterior maxillary alveolar bone thickness.

Table 3 Association Between Width of the IC at the Palatal Opening in the Sagittal View and the AMABT at Three Levels (n=135). Significance Level is Set at P<0.05

Dependent Variable: IC	Unstandardized Coefficients		Standardized Coefficients	t	Sig.	95% Confidence Interval for B
	B	Std. Error	Beta			Lower Bound	Upper Bound
(Constant)	2.308	0.447		5.165	0.000	1.427	3.190
AMABT at alveolar crest	0.106	0.120	0.099	0.884	0.378	−0.131	0.344
AMABT at mid-root	0.392	0.142	0.407	2.771	0.006**	0.113	0.672
AMABT at apex	−0.230	0.079	−0.315	−2.895	0.004**	−0.387	−0.073

Notes: Dependent variable: width of the IC (incisive canal) at the palatal opening in the sagittal view. Predictors: (constant), AMABT at alveolar crest, AMABT at mid-root, AMABT at apex. Significance level: **P<0.01. Adjusted R²=0.089.

Abbreviation: AMABT, anterior maxillary alveolar bone thickness.

Table 4 Association Between Age and the AMABT at Three Levels (n=135). Significance Level is Set at P<0.05

Dependent Variable: Age	Unstandardized Coefficients		Standardized Coefficients	t	Sig.	95% Confidence Interval for B
	B	Std. Error	Beta			Lower Bound	Upper Bound
(Constant)	41.955	5.693		7.369	0.000	30.726	53.183
AMABT at alveolar crest	−3.693	1.534	−0.274	−2.408	0.017*	−6.718	−0.668
AMABT at mid-root	5.947	1.803	0.491	3.298	0.001**	2.390	9.503
AMABT at apex	−3.506	1.012	−0.382	−3.465	0.001**	−5.501	−1.510

Notes: Dependent variable: age. Predictors: (constant), AMABT at alveolar crest, AMABT at mid-root, AMABT at apex. Significance level: *P<0.05, **P<0.01. Adjusted R²=0.062.

Abbreviation: AMABT, anterior maxillary alveolar bone thickness.

Table 5 Sex-Related Differences in the AMABT at Three Levels. Significance Level is Set at P<0.05

		N	Mean	Standard Deviation	P-value
AMABT at alveolar crest (mm)	Male	70	6.04	0.93	0.002**
	Female	65	5.59	1.08
	Total	135	5.81	1.02
AMABT at mid-root (mm)	Male	70	6.61	1.22	0.000***
	Female	65	5.91	0.95
	Total	135	6.26	1.14
AMABT at apex (mm)	Male	70	7.26	1.71	0.000***
	Female	65	6.22	1.06
	Total	135	6.74	1.50

Note: Significance level: **P<0.01, ***P<0.001.

Abbreviation: AMABT, anterior maxillary alveolar bone thickness.