The Risk of Cerebrovascular Accidents in Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the United States: A Population-Based National Study

Figures & data

Table 1 Baseline Characteristics of the Study Population

Characteristics	Total Cohort	No IBD	Presence of IBD	P-value
Sex (n, %)
Male	23,390,635 (44.83%)	23,286,300 (99.55%)	104,335 (0.45%)	<0.0001
Female	28,785,915 (55.17%)	28,628,360 (99.45%)	157,555 (0.55%)
Age (n, %)
Adults (18–65)	38,498,290 (73.78%)	38,312,930 (99.52%)	185,360 (0.48%)	<0.0001
Senior (>65)	13,678,260 (26.22%)	13,601,730 (99.44%)	76,530 (0.56%)
Hypertension (n, %)
None	41,920,940 (80.34%)	41,762,900 (99.62%)	158,040 (0.38%)	<0.0001
Present	10,255,610 (19.66%)	10,151,760 (98.99%)	103,850 (1.01%)
Atrial Fibrillation (n, %)
None	50,724,920 (97.22%)	50,480,730 (99.52%)	244,190 (0.48%)	<0.0001
Present	1,451,630 (2.78%)	1433,930 (98.78%)	17,700 (1.22%)
Diabetes (n, %)
None	47,888,150 (91.78%)	47,679,080 (99.56%)	209,070 (0.44%)	<0.0001
Present	4,288,400 (8.22%)	4,235,580 (98.77%)	52,820 (1.23%)
CVA (n, %)
None	51,997,120 (99.66%)	51,749,310 (99.52%)	250,690 (0.48%)	<0.0001
Present	179,430 (0.34%)	168,800 (93.76%)	11,200 (6.24%)

Abbreviations: IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; CVA, cerebrovascular accidents.

Table 2 Multivariate Regression Analysis

Risk Factor	OR	95% CI	P-value
IBD	8.08	7.91–8.24	<0.0001
Atrial fibrillation	3.35	3.31–3.39	<0.0001
Age older than 65 years	1.46	1.45–1.48	<0.0001
Hypertension	3.14	3.10–3.18	<0.0001
Diabetes	4.86	4.81–4.92	<0.0001
Female	1.18	1.17–1.20	<0.0001

Abbreviations: IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.

Figure 1 Forest plot showing adjusted odds ratio of having a cerebrovascular event. The odds ratio is represented by the circle. The whiskers represent 95% confidence intervals.

Abbreviations: IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; CVA, cerebrovascular accidents.