Combined Pharmacological and Endoscopic Treatment for Worsening Gastroesophageal Varices in Patients with Cirrhosis

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographic, Clinical and Laboratory Features of Analysed Patients According to Treatment; CTP, Child‐Turcotte‐Pugh; HCC, Hepatocellular Carcinoma; HE, Hepatic Encephalopathy; HRS, Hepatorenal Syndrome; MELD-Na, Model for End‐ Stage Liver Disease

Feature	Standard (n=56)	Ligation (n=45)	P
Age, years	58.6 ± 14.2	58.5 ± 10.4	0.97
Sex, male/female	34/22	33/12	0.18
Etiology, alcoholic/viral/other	19/29/8	15/22/8	0.89
Serum albumin, g/L	34.7 ± 5.7	35.5 ± 5.2	0.47
Serum total bilirubin, µmol/L	35.4 ± 35.7	32.0 ± 28.7	0.60
INR	1.27 ± 0.2	1.3 ± 0.2	0.30
Serum creatinine, µmol/L	85.3 ± 62.3	80.8 ± 21.8	0.65
CTP score	7.1 ± 1.8	7.3 ± 1.9	0.59
MELD-Na score	12.0 ± 4.7	13.0 ± 3.4	0.23
HCC/not HCC	7/49	8/37	0.46
Ascites/not ascites	18/38	16/29	0.72
HE/not HE	3/53	1/44	0.42

Figure 1 Bleeding free rate in the NSBBs only group and in the NSBB+EBL group.

Table 2 Terms Sequentially Included in the Fine and Gray Regression Models

Model 1 (Bleeding)	Num.obs	logLik	Df.t	AIC	AIC diff
Null model	101	−52.75	0	106	0.00
Treatment	101	−50.56	1	103	−2.42
Model 2 (mortality)	Num.obs	logLik	Df.t	AIC	AIC diff
Null model	95	−132.67	0	265	0.00
Age	95	−126.98	1	256	−9.38
Etiology	95	−124.34	3	255	−1.28
MELD-Na	95	−119.34	5	249	−5.99
Treatment	95	−117.56	6	247	−1.56

Figure 2 Survival rate in the NSBB only group and in the NSBB+EBL group.

Table 3 Estimated sHR for Variceal Bleeding (Model 1) and Mortality (Model 2) by a Fine and Gray Regression Model

Model 1 (Bleeding)	sHR	95% CI	P
Treatment NSBB only	1 (ref.)
Treatment NSBB + EBL	0.24	0.05–1.09	0.065
Model 2 (mortality)	sHR	95% CI	P
Age	1.07	1.03–1.10	<0.001
Etiology Alcoholic	1 (ref.)
Etiology Viral-Mixed	1.98	0.90–4.35	0.090
Etiology Other	0.43	0.06–3.09	0.403
MELD-Na [<9]	1 (ref)
MELD-Na [9–14]	1.57	0.56–4.40	0.391
MELD-Na [>14]	5.36	2.03–14.1	<0.001
Treatment NSBB only	1 (ref.)
Treatment NSBB + EBL	0.47	0.22–0.98	0.044