Figures & data
Figure 1 Major pathways involved in bilirubin production, conjugation, and excretion.
Abbreviations: ATP, adenosine triphosphate; CB, conjugated bilirubin; GI, gastrointestinal; UB, unconjugated bilirubin; UGT, uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferase; ??, the mechanism is unknown.
![Figure 1 Major pathways involved in bilirubin production, conjugation, and excretion.](/cms/asset/5cffd4f3-da56-4d7d-be5a-dfe789561a3f/dceg_a_64283_f0001_c.jpg)
Table 1 Representative human plasma bilirubin values
Figure 2 Physiologically based theoretical prediction (PBPK) of plasma unconjugated bilirubin concentration following a bolus 14C dose.
![Figure 2 Physiologically based theoretical prediction (PBPK) of plasma unconjugated bilirubin concentration following a bolus 14C dose.](/cms/asset/27b5f803-df3b-459d-aafc-265d1381a42f/dceg_a_64283_f0002_b.jpg)
Figure 3 Physiologically based theoretical prediction model of the free (unbound) unconjugated bilirubin concentration in the vein (solid line), muscle (long dashed line), and skin (short dashed line) following a bolus 14C dose.
![Figure 3 Physiologically based theoretical prediction model of the free (unbound) unconjugated bilirubin concentration in the vein (solid line), muscle (long dashed line), and skin (short dashed line) following a bolus 14C dose.](/cms/asset/f98f2d49-2126-4d4c-a9b4-37ee00e605c6/dceg_a_64283_f0003_b.jpg)
Figure 4 Estimated normal human total and free (unbound) conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin in the plasma, hepatocyte, and bile duct.
![Figure 4 Estimated normal human total and free (unbound) conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin in the plasma, hepatocyte, and bile duct.](/cms/asset/650511d7-834c-4fe2-a245-492136a5a30b/dceg_a_64283_f0004_b.jpg)
Figure 5 Role of OATP in CB homeostasis in normal subjects with a serum CB concentration of 0.012 mg/dL.
Abbreviations: CB, conjugated bilirubin; UB, unconjugated bilirubin; UGT, uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferase.
![Figure 5 Role of OATP in CB homeostasis in normal subjects with a serum CB concentration of 0.012 mg/dL.](/cms/asset/c8da183b-56b4-4476-b735-fc40ed1f8097/dceg_a_64283_f0005_b.jpg)
Figure 6 Role of OATP in CB homeostasis in a subject with hepatocellular disease and an elevated serum CB concentration of 0.36 mg/dL.
Abbreviations: CB, conjugated bilirubin; UB, unconjugated bilirubin; UGT, uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferase.
![Figure 6 Role of OATP in CB homeostasis in a subject with hepatocellular disease and an elevated serum CB concentration of 0.36 mg/dL.](/cms/asset/00a189c2-3611-4bb6-9d68-4c582f6b5e2c/dceg_a_64283_f0006_b.jpg)
Figure 7 Processes involved in bile formation and bilirubin secretion.
Abbreviations: CB, conjugated bilirubin; UB, unconjugated bilirubin; UGT, uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferase.
![Figure 7 Processes involved in bile formation and bilirubin secretion.](/cms/asset/5ff1f0a6-4392-46bd-b386-b2e5218210d8/dceg_a_64283_f0007_c.jpg)
Figure 8 Plot of the fractional increase in total serum bilirubin (bilirubin/normal bilirubin) versus the inverse of the fractional decrease in the hepatic clearance (normal clearance/clearance) of indocyanine green (black), sulfobromophthalein (red), aminopyrine (green), and antipyrine (blue) in patients with chronic alcoholic cirrhosis.
![Figure 8 Plot of the fractional increase in total serum bilirubin (bilirubin/normal bilirubin) versus the inverse of the fractional decrease in the hepatic clearance (normal clearance/clearance) of indocyanine green (black), sulfobromophthalein (red), aminopyrine (green), and antipyrine (blue) in patients with chronic alcoholic cirrhosis.](/cms/asset/95af180c-4bbf-4ea0-b9c5-1aefb208b416/dceg_a_64283_f0008_c.jpg)