Topical medication utilization and health resources consumption in adult patients affected by psoriasis: findings from the analysis of administrative databases of local health units

Figures & data

Figure 1 Sequential sample selection of subjects.

Note: ^aIf they had at least two prescriptions of topical drugs in a time space of 2 years.
Abbreviations: ICD-9-CM, International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification; ATC, anatomical therapeutic chemical.

Table 1 Baseline of patients, stratified according to topical antipsoriatic drug prescription and level of adherence

Characteristics	Total n (%)	Topical drugs		Adherence		Switch
		Single-component formulations# n (%)	Combined formulations## n (%)	Yes n (%)	No n (%)	Yes n (%)	No n (%)
N	2,477 (100)	739 (29.8)	1,738 (70.2)	464 (18.7)	2,013 (81.3)	156 (6.3)	2,321 (93.7)
Age, years (mean ± SD)	56.3 ± 17.0	58.2 ± 16.6	55.5 ± 17.2	57.4 ± 17.8	56.1 ± 16.9	54.0 ± 15.6	56.5 ± 17.1
Male	1,359 (55)	391 (53)	968 (56)	274 (59)	1,085 (54)	82 (53)	1,277 (55)
CCI (mean ± SD)	0.1 ± 0.4	0.1 ± 0.5	0.1 ± 0.4	0.1 ± 0.5	0.1 ± 0.4	0.0 ± 0.2	0.1 ± 0.4
CCI >0	104 (4)	37 (5)	67 (4)	20 (4)	84 (4)	–	103 (4)
Disease exemption* and/or hospitalization records for psoriasis**	115 (5)	39 (5)	76 (4)	30 (6)	85 (4)	32 (21)	83 (4)

Notes:

* Exemption code: 045.6961;

** ICD-9-CM code: 696.1;

# ATC code: D05AX02;

## ATC code: D05AX52.

Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; CCI, Charlson comorbidity index; ICD-9-CM, International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification; ATC, anatomical therapeutic chemical.

Table 2 Predictors of non-adherence: multivariable logistic regression model

Predictors	OR	95% CI		p-value
Age	0.994	0.988	1.000	0.070
Male	0.818	0.666	1.005	0.056
Charlson comorbidity index	1.056	0.829	1.346	0.658
Topical drug, fixed combined formulation#	0.755	0.599	0.950	0.017
Disease exemption* and/or hospitalization records for psoriasis**	0.618	0.400	0.952	0.029

Notes:

* Exemption code: 045.6961;

** ICD-9-CM code: 696.1;

# ATC code: D05AX02.

Abbreviations: OR, odd ratios; CI, confidence interval; ICD-9-CM, International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification; ATC, anatomical therapeutic chemical.

Table 3 Predictors of probability of therapy substitution: multivariable proportional hazards Cox regression model

Predictors	HR	95% CI		p-value
Age	0.985	0.975	0.994	0.002
Male	0.996	0.724	1.370	0.979
Charlson comorbidity index	0.445	0.153	1.293	0.137
Adherence	0.816	0.551	1.210	0.312
Topical drug, fixed combined formulation#	0.568	0.411	0.785	0.001
Exemption codes* or hospitalization for psoriasis**	2.921	1.950	4.376	0.000

Notes:

* Exemption code: 045.6961;

** ICD-9-CM code: 696.1;

# ATC code: D05AX02.

Abbreviations: HR, hazard ratios; CI, confidence interval; ICD-9-CM, International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification; ATC, anatomical therapeutic chemical.