Factors associated with decreased bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with schizophrenia

Figures & data

Table 1 Comparison of demographic and clinical characteristics between abnormal and normal BMD groups of patients with schizophrenia

	Abnormal BMD group (n=145)		Normal BMD group (n=74)		Statistics
	Mean/median	SD/(Q1, Q3)	Mean/median	SD/(Q1, Q3)	T/Z	P-value
Age	62.1	7.2	59.1	5.2	3.49	0.001
Illness duration (years)	30.9	10.3	28.2	9.4	1.88	0.061
Current therapeutic dose (CPZ)	450.0	(359.1, 612.5)	400.0	(272.9, 612.5)	−2.31	0.021
Treatment duration (years)	28.9	10.5	24.1	9.2	3.46	0.001
Total PANSS score	52.2	13.2	51.7	13.8	0.26	0.798
PANSS positive	12.8	4.3	13.5	5.5	−0.98	0.327
PANSS negative	15.2	4.2	11.7	2.8	7.26	0.000
BMI, kg/m^2	23.5	3.8	25.6	4.6	−3.52	0.001
Calcium	2.2	0.1	2.2	0.1	0.11	0.909
Phosphorus	1.1	0.2	1.2	0.2	−1.45	0.149
FBG	4.8	1.2	5.1	1.8	−1.15	0.252
Exercises per week (minutes)	267.6	109.9	310.2	129.9	−2.55	0.012
No of cigarette smoked per day	0	(0, 10)	0	(0, 10)	−0.09	0.928
Drinking (unit/wk)	1.0	(0, 1.0)	0	(0, 1.0)	−2.95	0.003
TSH	2.9	2.2	3.9	5.8	−1.46	0.147
FT3	2.4	0.4	2.3	0.6	1.73	0.085
FT4	1.0	0.8	1.2	1.5	−1.39	0.168
Prolactin	38.2	26.4	20.4	10.2	7.15	0.000
Estradiol	25.5	14.6	31.9	21.3	−2.29	0.024
Progesterone	0.8	1.1	1.1	2.0	−1.28	0.202

Abbreviations: BMD, bone mineral density; SD, standard deviation; CPZ, chlorpromazine; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; BMI, body mass index; FBG, fasting blood glucose; wk, week; TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone; FT3, free triiodothyronine; FT4, free thyroxine; T/Z, T-score/Z-score.

Table 2 Factors associated with abnormal BMD (multiple logistic regression analysis)

Factor	B	SE	Wald test	P-value	Odds ratio	95% CI
Age	0.10	0.03	9.17	0.002	1.11	1.04–1.19
Treatment duration	0.08	0.03	5.87	0.015	1.08	1.02–1.15
PANSS negative	0.29	0.06	26.59	0.000	1.34	1.20–1.50
BMI, kg/m^2	−0.11	0.05	5.16	0.023	0.89	0.81–0.98
Prolactin	0.05	0.01	13.76	0.000	1.05	1.02–1.07

Abbreviations: BMD, bone mineral density; SE, standard error; CI, confidence interval; PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; BMI, body mass index.