Acute kidney injury and inflammatory response of sepsis following cecal ligation and puncture in d-galactose-induced aging rats

Figures & data

Figure 1 Survival of septic rats from the three groups.

Notes: H d-gal vs control P=0.022; H d-gal vs L d-gal P=0.059; L d-gal vs control P=0.689.
Abbreviations: d-gal, d-galactose; H d-gal, high-dose d-gal; L d-gal, low-dose d-gal.

Figure 2 Serum MDA and SOD levels in the three groups.

Notes: MDA and SOD were measured before CLP. *P<0.05.
Abbreviations: CLP, cecal ligation and puncture; d-gal, d-galactose; H d-gal, high-dose d-gal; L d-gal, low-dose d-gal; MDA, malondialdehyde; SOD, superoxide dismutase.

Figure 3 Renal function in septic rats of the three groups.

Notes: (A) Serum Cr concentration. (B) BUN concentration. (C) Severity of AKI 12 h post-CLP. (D) Severity of AKI 24 h post-CLP. AKI was measured based on RIFLE categories. R, I, F = AKI RIFLE classes risk (creatinine change, 150%–199%), injury (creatinine change, 200%–299%), and failure (creatinine change, ≥300%). Data are shown as the mean ± standard error. *P<0.05 compared with the control group. ^#P<0.05 compared with the L d-gal group.
Abbreviations: CLP, cecal ligation and puncture; d-gal, d-galactose; H d-gal, high-dose d-gal; L d-gal, low-dose d-gal; Cr, creatinine; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; AKI, acute kidney injury.

Figure 4 Plasma cytokine levels in septic rats of the three groups.

Notes: (A) Plasma NGAL. (B) Plasma IL-6. (C) Plasma IL-10. (D) Plasma TNF-α. *P<0.05 compared with the control group. ^#P<0.05 compared with the L d-gal group.
Abbreviations: CLP, cecal ligation and puncture; d-gal, d-galactose; H d-gal, high-dose d-gal; L d-gal, low-dose d-gal; NGAL, neutrophil gelatinse-associated lipocalin; IL, interleukin; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.

Figure 5 Expression of miRNA-155 in septic rats of the three groups.

Note: *P<0.05.
Abbreviations: CLP, cecal ligation and puncture; d-gal, d-galactose; H d-gal, high-dose d-gal; L d-gal, low-dose d-gal.

Figure 6 Kidney histopathology in septic rats of the three groups.

Notes: (A) Control group 12 h post-CLP. (B) Control group 24 h post-CLP. (C) L d-gal group 12 h post-CLP. (D) L d-gal group 24 h post-CLP. (E) H d-gal group 12 h post-CLP. (F) H d-gal group 24 h post-CLP.
Abbreviations: CLP, cecal ligation and puncture; d-gal, d-galactose; H d-gal, high-dose d-gal; L d-gal, low-dose d-gal.

Table 1 Physiologic parameters of three groups

Measurement time	Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)			Heart rate (beats/min)			Rectal temperature (°C)			Body weight (g)
	Control	L d-gal	H d-gal	Control	L d-gal	H d-gal	Control	L d-gal	H d-gal	Control	L d-gal	H d-gal
Pre-CLP	140.5	143.4	139.6	332.7	343.4	337.4	37.3	37.1	37.3	502.8	493.8	480.5±
	±78	±4.8	±6.7	±26.2	±15.1	±19.6	±0.4	±0.4	±0.5	±140	±19.0*	16.4*
24 h post-CLP	93.2	91.0	70.7	147.2	157.0	116.7	35.4	35.0	32.2
	±8.8**	±13.1**	±9.5*,**,***	±24.6**	±21.4**	±20.3*,**,***	±0.6**	±1.1**	±2.0*,**,***

Notes:

* P<0.05 compared with control group.

** P<0.05 compared with the same group at pre-CLP.

*** P<0.05 compared with L d-gal group. Data presented as mean ± standard error.

Abbreviations: CLP, cecal ligation and puncture; d-gal, d-galactose; H d-gal, high dose of d-gal, L d-gal, low dose of d-gal.