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Original Research

Investigating dose–response effects of multimodal exercise programs on health-related quality of life in older adults

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Pages 209-217 | Published online: 24 Jan 2019

Figures & data

Figure 1 CONSORT flow diagram of group selection.

Notes: The flowchart presents selection of groups for the present study. CT represents control group, which did not receive any exercise prescription, Ex1 represents higher-dose group, which exercised for 180 minutes/week, and Ex2A and Ex2B represent lower-dose groups, which exercised for 120 minutes/week. Groups Ex2A and Ex2B were combined to create the lower-dose group. The letters “A” and “B” signify different computer tests administered to these groups; however, the outcomes were not relevant in the present study. Groups ST1 and ST2 were stretching interventions that were not used in the study. Asterisks (*) denote groups that were included in the analysis. Reprinted by permission from Springer Nature: Int J Behav Med. Kaushal N, Desjardins-Crépeau L, Langlois F, Bherer L. The effects of multi-component exercise training on cognitive functioning and health-related quality of life in older adults. Copyright 2018.45.
Figure 1 CONSORT flow diagram of group selection.

Table 1 Bivariate correlations

Table 2 Results of multiple linear regression models

Figure 2 Relationship between exercise dose and change in HR-QOL.

Note: Effect size changes of HR-QOL outcomes when each exercise dose was compared with the control group.

Abbreviation: HR-QOL, health-related quality of life.

Figure 2 Relationship between exercise dose and change in HR-QOL.Note: Effect size changes of HR-QOL outcomes when each exercise dose was compared with the control group.Abbreviation: HR-QOL, health-related quality of life.

Figure 3 Exercise dose and frailty interaction.

Note: Group (higher dose vs control) interacts with frailty to predict change in capacity HR-QOL.
Abbreviation: HR-QOL, health-related quality of life.
Figure 3 Exercise dose and frailty interaction.