The Effects of Dental Status and Chewing Efficiency on the Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life of Nursing-Home Residents

Figures & data

Table 1 Descriptive statistics for participant characteristics (n=150)

	Number of Participants (%)	Mean (SD)
Age	–	82.1 (9.8)
Gender
Female	113 (75.3%)	-
Male	37 (24.7%)	-
MMSE	–	19.2 (8.4)
Care level
0	4 (2.7%)	–
1	6 (4.0%)	-
2	45 (30.0%)	-
3	46 (30.7%)	-
4	42 (28.0%)	-
5	7 (4.7%)	–
Body Mass Index	–	27.7 (6.6)
Nutritional status
Good	120 (80.0%)	-
Reduced	26 (17.3%)	-
Bad	4 (2.7%)	-
Number of teeth	–	10.1 (9.8)
Natural teeth
Yes	107 (71.3%)	-
No	43 (28.7%)	-
Treatment needs
Yes	120 (80.0%)	-
No	30 (20.0%)	–
Pressure (n = 111)
Yes	23 (20.7%)	-
No	88 (79.3%)	–
Total denture status
FDP/natural teeth	45 (30.0%)	-
RPD	27 (18.0%)	-
CD	59 (39.3%)	-
ENP	19 (12.7%)	-
Number of functional occluding pairs	–	7.7 (4.7)
Denture condition (n = 111)
Adequate	37 (33.3%)	-
Inadequate	74 (66.7%)	–
Chewing efficiency (n = 146)	–	0.6 (0.25)
Subjective evaluation of chewing efficiency (n = 146)
1	57 (39.0%)	-
2	29 (19.9%)	-
3	27 (18.5%)	-
4	30 (20.5%)	-
5	3 (2.1%)	-
SC-GOHAI (n = 143)	–	20.7 (3.4)

Abbreviations: FDP, fixed dental prosthesis; RPD, removable partial denture; CD, complete denture; ENP, edentulous without replaced teeth.

Table 2 Univariate regression analysis with oral-health-related quality of life as the dependent variable and participant characteristics (n = 143)

Variable	C	95% CI LB	95% CI UB	R^2	p-value
Age	0.038	−0.021	0.096	0.011	0.203
Gender	0.365	−0.942	1.672	0.002	0.582
MMSE	0.051	−0.024	0.127	0.013	0.183
Care level (dichotomised)	−0.577	−1.741	0.586	0.007	0.328
Body Mass Index	0.002	−0.082	0.086	0.000	0.963
Nutritional status	−1.348	−2.555	0.283	0.017	0.116
Number of teeth	0.091	0.035	0.148	0.067	0.002
Natural teeth	1.630	0.404	2.856	0.047	0.010
Treatment needs	−2.367	−3.723	−1.011	0.078	0.001
Total denture status (dichotomised)	−1.672	−2.775	−0.571	0.060	0.003
Number of functional occluding pairs	0.289	0.176	0.402	0.154	<0.001
Chewing efficiency, subjective (dichotomised, n = 139)	1.553	0.250	2.855	0.039	0.020
Chewing efficiency, objective (n = 139)	−3.943	−6.081	−1.805	0.088	<0.001

Note: Significant p-values are marked in bold.

Abbreviations: C, regression coefficient; CI, confidence interval; LB, lower boundary; UB, upper boundary; R², squared Pearson correlation.

Table 3 Univariate regression analysis with oral-health-related quality of life as the dependent variable and participant characteristics for denture wearers only (n = 105)

Variable	C	95% CI LB	95% CI UB	R^2	p-value
Age	0.028	−0.041	0.098	0.006	0.417
Gender	−0.188	−1.753	1.377	0.001	0.812
MMSE	0.060	−0.030	0.149	0.017	0.190
Care needed (dichotomised)	−0.829	−2.181	0.524	0.014	0.227
Body Mass Index	0.103	−0.012	0.217	0.030	0.079
Nutritional status	−1.143	−2.818	0.532	0.017	0.179
Teeth	0.096	−0.013	0.204	0.029	0.083
Natural teeth	1.123	−0.251	2.497	0.025	0.108
Treatment needs	−2.461	−4.023	−0.900	0.087	0.002
Pressure	−0.891	−2.543	0.760	0.011	0.287
Total denture status (dichotomised)	−1.366	−2.824	0.091	0.032	0.066
Number of functional occluding pairs	0.285	0.151	0.419	0.148	<0.001
Denture condition	−2.975	−4.274	−1.675	0.167	<0.001
Subjective evaluation of chewing efficiency (dichotomised, n = 103)	1.847	0.073	3.622	0.041	0.041
Chewing efficiency (n = 103)	−4.103	−6.848	−1.359	0.080	0.004

Note: Significant p-values are marked in bold.

Abbreviations: C, regression coefficient; CI, confidence interval; LB, lower boundary; UB, upper boundary; R², squared Pearson correlation.

Figure 1 Examples of masticatory performance in the context of oral-health-related quality of life. (A) Senior with reduced oral-health-related quality of life. (B) Senior with acceptable quality of life.

Table 4 Multivariate linear regression model after stepwise variable selection using the p-value with oral-health-related quality of life as the dependent variable

Variables	C	95% CI LB	95% CI UB	Std. Error	p-value
All participants (n = 143)
Intercept	20.382	18.707	22.056	0.847	<0.001
Number of functional occluding pairs	0.250	0.136	0.0.365	0.058	<0.001
Treatment needs	−1.733	−3.050	−0.413	0.667	0.010
Nutritional status	−1.298	−2.586	−0.010	0.652	0.048
Denture wearers only (n = 105)
Intercept	16.354	12.953	19.756	1.715	<0.001
Denture condition	−2.194	−3.647	−0.741	0.732	0.003
Number of functional occluding pairs	0.192	0.044	0.340	0.075	0.011
BMI	0.145	0.043	0.247	0.051	0.006

Note: Significant p-values are marked in bold.

Abbreviations: C, regression coefficient; CI, confidence interval; LB, lower boundary; UB, upper boundary.