Pacemaker implantation complication rates in elderly and young patients

Figures & data

Table 1 Baseline demographics and clinical characteristics

	Age <70 years (n = 259)	Age ≥70 years (n = 315)	P-value
Male gender	130 (50.2%)	154 (48.9%)	0.75
Hypertension	109 (42%)	186 (59%)	0.01
Diabetes mellitus	91 (35%)	120 (38%)	0.46
Chronic renal failure	16 (6%)	32 (10%)	0.09
COPD	44 (16%)	59 (18%)	0.59
Body weight, kg	79.6 ± 9.3	77.5 ± 8.3	0.01
ECG findings
Complete AV block	154 (59.5%)	216 (68.6%)	0.19
Second degree	48 (18.5%)	47 (14.9%)	0.49
AV block
AF and bradycardia	14 (5.4%)	15 (4.8%)	0.85
Sick Sinus Syndrome	23 (8.9%)	16 (5.1%)	0.30
Sinusal pause	8 (3.1%)	11 (3.5%)	0.88
Advanced AV block	5 (1.9%)	4 (1.3%)	0.77
Trifascicular block	1 (0.4%)	4 (1.3%)	0.26
Nodal rhythm	6 (2.3%)	2 (0.6%)	0.10
Pacemaker type
DDD	240 (92.7%)	242 (76.8%)	0.01
VVI	19 (7.3%)	73 (23.2%)

Abbreviations: AF, atrial fibrillation; AV, atrioventricular; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DDD, dual chamber pacemaker; ECG, electrocardiogram; VVI, single chamber pacemaker.

Table 2 Complication rates

Complication	Age		P-value
	<70 years	≥70 years
Yes	39 (15.1%)	24 (7.6%)
No	220 (84.9%)	291 (92.4%)	0.005
Total	259	315

Table 3 Distribution of complications

Complication	Age		P-value
	<70 years	≥70 years
Hematoma	13 (5%)	7 (2.2%)	0.29
Pocket infection	7 (2.7%)	5 (1.6%)	0.59
Pneumothorax	2 (0.8%)	4 (1.3%)	0.72
Lead dysfunction/dislocation	11 (4.2%)	4 (1.3%)	0.21
Local wound fibrosis	0	3 (1.0%)	NA
Free wall rupture	0	1 (0.3%)	NA
Lead endocarditis	6 (2.3%)	0	NA

Abbreviation: NA, not applicable.