Trend of the incidence of lumbar disc herniation: decreasing with aging in the elderly

Figures & data

Table 1 Clinical symptoms and signs

Symptoms or signs	Cases	Percentage (%)
Intervertebral and/or paravertebral tenderness	576	96.3
Unilateral leg and/or lower back pain	540	89.8
Lower extremity pain	156	25.9
Radzikowski sign	538	89.5
Weakness of foot hallux dorsiflexion	336	55.9
Foot drop	93	15.4
Intermittent claudication	237	39.4
Sensory disturbance	378	62.5

Table 2 Imaging feature and distribution

Imaging feature	Cases	Percentage (%)
Hyperostosis	601	100.00
Bulge or herniation at L3–L4	189	31.4
Bulge or herniation at L4–L5	228	37.9
Bulge or herniation at L5–S1	268	44.5
Bulge or herniation at L3–L4 and L4–L5	301	50.0
Bulge or herniation at L4–L5 and L5–S1	481	80.0
Bulge or herniation at L3–L4, L4–L5, and L5–S1	297	49.4
Left side bulge or herniation	329	54.7
Right side bulge or herniation	227	37.7
Central bulge or herniation	45	7.5
Spinal stenosis	159	26.4
Calcification	79	13.1
Osteoporosis	204	33.9

Abbreviations: L, lumbar; S, sacrum.

Table 3 Age distribution of patients with lumbar disc herniation

	Age distribution (years)						N
	65–70	71–75	76–80	81–85	86–90	91–95
Male	111	69	78	43	24	1	326
Female	92	68	56	36	22	1	275

Table 4 Hypertension complication of patients with lumbar disc herniation

	Age distribution (years)
	65–70	71–75	76–80	81–85	86–90	91–95
LDH	203	137	134	79	46	2
LDH + hypertension	102 (50.3%)	69 (50.2%)	66 (49.4%)	38 (52.1%)	22 (52.2%)	1 (50.0%)
P-value	0.0912	0.0824	0.0832	0.0928	0.0835

Note: There is no difference in hypertension percentage between each age group.

Abbreviation: LDH, lumbar disc herniation.

Table 5 Hyperlipidemia complication of patients with lumbar disc herniation

	Age distribution (years)
	65–70	71–75	76–80	81–85	86–90	91–95
LDH	203	137	134	79	46	2
LDH + hyperlipidemia	78 (38.4%)	54 (39.4%)	53 (39.5%)	32 (40.5%)	31 (45.6%)	0
P-value	0.0846	0.0918	0.0903	0.0726	–

Note: There is no significant change for the percentage of hyperlipidemia complication between each age group of patients with lumbar disc herniation.

Abbreviation: LDH, lumbar disc herniation.

Table 6 Diabetic complication of patients with lumbar disc herniation

	Age distribution (years)
	65–70	71–75	76–80	81–85	86–90	91–95
LDH	4	137	134	79	46	2
LDH + diabetes	41 (0.9%)	33 (24.0%)	25 (18.6%)	17 (21.5%)	9 (19.5%)	0
P-value	0.0756	0.0632	0.0780	0.0796	–

Note: There is no significant change in the percentage of diabetic complication between each age group of patients with lumbar disc herniation.

Abbreviation: LDH, lumbar disc herniation.

Figure 1 Age distribution of patients with lumbar disc herniation.