The effectiveness of a standardized rose hip powder, containing seeds and shells of Rosa canina, on cell longevity, skin wrinkles, moisture, and elasticity

Figures & data

Figure 1 Mean depth of crow’s-feet wrinkles are given for rose hip powder and for astaxanthin.

Note: *P<0.05 vs before.
Abbreviation: ns, not significant at P>0.05.

Figure 2 Moisture content of forehead is given for rose hip powder and for astaxanthin.

Notes: ***P<0.001 vs before. *P<0.05 vs before.

Abbreviation: ns, not significant at P>0.05.

Figure 3 Skin elasticity of right cheek is given for rose hip powder and for astaxanthin.

Note: *P<0.05 vs before.
Abbreviation: ns, not significant at P>0.05.

Figure 4 Photos of the skin from a volunteer initially and after 8-week treatment with rose hip powder (A) and photos of another volunteer, initially and after 8-week treatment with astaxanthin (B).

Table 1 Plasma hemoglobin and H-index in red blood cells, before treatment, during a 28 days period of treatment and again after cessation of treatment

	Start	5 days	14 days	21 days	28 days	63 days	ANOVA P-value
Plasma Hgb (mmol/L) 11 days storage/stress	16.53±5.35	18.00±6.73	19.06±6.11	13.29±3.84a,b	15.00±5.85c	17.56±4.07d	0.05
H-index (arb units) 11 days storage/stress	1.24±0.44	1.24±0.56	1.41±0.51	0.88±0.33e,f	1.12±0.49	1.37±0.50	0.05

Notes: All tests were made after 10 days storage in a blood bank followed by 1 day of stress test at room temperature.

a P<0.05 vs start;

b P<0.001 vs 14 days;

c P<0.05 vs start;

d P<0.055 vs 28 days;

e P<0.05 vs start;

F P<0.05 vs 14 days.

Abbreviations: ANOVA, analysis of variance; arb, arbitrary.

Table 2 Plasma hemoglobin and H-index in red blood cells, before treatment, during a 28 days period of treatment and again after cessation of treatment

	Start	5 days	14 days	21 days	28 days	63 days	ANOVA P-value
Plasma Hgb (mmol/L) 5 weeks of storage	57.35±22.84	56.12±19.24	49.35±23.01a,b	52.71±21.93c	53.24±19.60	57.75±21.44	0.001
H-index (arb units) 5 weeks of storage	4.82±1.98	4.82±1.85	4.06±2.01d,e	4.59±1.94	4.41±1.73f	5.00±2.07g	0.05

Notes: All tests were made after 5 weeks storage in a blood bank.

a P<0.001 vs start;

b P<0.05 vs 5 days;

c P<0.05 vs start;

d P<0.05 vs start;

e P<0.05 vs 5 days;

F P<0.09 vs start;

g P<0.07 vs 28 days.

Abbreviations: ANOVA, analysis of variance; arb, arbitrary.