Changing Trends in the Disease Burden of Cataract and Forecasted Trends in China and Globally from 1990 to 2030

Figures & data

Table 1 The Prevalence Numbers and Age-Standardized Prevalence of Cataract in 1990 and 2019, and Its Temporal Trends from 1990 to 2019

Characteristic	1990		2019		1990–2019
	Numbers No.× 10^3(95%UI)	ASR per 100,000 No.(95%UI)	Numbers No. ×10^3(95%UI)	ASR per 100,000 No.(95%UI)	EAPC
Global	42,336.68 (37,728.56–47,615.12)	1,150.56 (1,027.31–1,287.4)	97,022.04 (85,370.88–109,696.64)	1,207.88 (1,361.26–1,065.04)	0.41 (0.33–0.5)
Sex
Male	17,592.21 (15,618.06–19,827.46)	1,089.86 (972.55–1,218.79)	39,947.63 (34,974.83–45,332.55)	1,096.94 (965.34–1,237.51)	0.26 (0.17–0.34)
Female	24,744.46 (22,061.69–27,793.82)	1,203.35 (1,073.53–1,347.25)	57,074.41 (50,385.30–64,437.24)	1,302.54 (1,150.34–1,469.85)	0.52 (0.43–0.61)
China	5,607.60 (4,895.98–6,402.85)	867.09 (761.36–975.42)	18,142.57 (15,617.09–20,841.57)	991.56 (861.52–1,131.04)	0.88 (0.6–1.15)
Sex
Male	2,218.03 (1,928.74–2,537.50)	752.74 (660.27–849.54)	6,982.58 (5,988.19–8,089.73)	833.8 (723.14–949.92)	0.79 (0.54–1.05)
Female	3,389.57 (2,949.97–3,847.25)	946.5 (832.76–1,064.33)	3,389.57 (2,949.97–3,847.25)	1,117.12 (967.62–1,268.37)	0.97 (0.68–1.26)
SDI
Low	4,090.80 (3,662.47–4,570.88)	2,016.86 (1,810.94–2,241.28)	8,965.52 (7,936.26–10,105.44)	1,966.87 (1,753.94–2,205.73)	0.15 (0.06–0.24)
Low-middle	12,957.07 (11,530.66–14,545.10)	2,495.12 (2,234.99–2,780.44)	27,483.38 (24,295.55–31,144.03)	2,182.06 (1,937.04–2,455.86)	−0.1 (−0.2–0)
Middle	14,136.71 (12,629.95–15,813.74)	1,634.59 (1,464.8–1,816.28)	35,216.00 (31,190.20–39,729.95)	1,541.64 (1,373.65–1,723.02)	0 (−0.1–0.1)
High-middle	7,441.22 (6,485.46–8,455.91)	775.1 (678.01–876.07)	18,010.45 (15,528.82–20,513.99)	893.6 (774.42–1,013.51)	0.71 (0.62–0.81)
High	3,687.99 (3,146.94–4,258.64)	354.32 (305.76–407.33)	7,298.93 (6,237.67–8,428.45)	357.01 (306.85–409.46)	0.01 (−0.05–0.06)
World Bank Income Levels
High Income	5,042.31 (4,305.83–5,805.32)	395.78 (341.7–454.24)	9,564.15 (8,195.42–11,021.46)	388.67 (334.16–446.25)	−0.08 (−0.12--0.04)
Upper Middle Income	11,514.91 (10,100.03–13,057.61)	914.82 (806.59–1,028.9)	31,486.09 (27,518.38–35,697.17)	995.19 (869.56–1,124.01)	0.55 (0.4–0.7)
Lower Middle Income	24,122.91 (21,549.45–27,024.60)	2,678.33 (2,404.16–2,982.65)	52,418.90 (46,537.67–59,211.04)	2,439.43 (2,172.71–2,734.94)	−0.03 (−0.12–0.07)
Low Income	1,633.38 (1,461.87–1,827.67)	1,289.53 (1,155.55–1,437.12)	3,504.67 (3,118.61–3,927.90)	1,274.6 (1,133.36–1,430.49)	−0.03 (−0.09–0.02)
WHO region
Eastern Mediterranean Region	3,865.67 (3,441.34–4,348.39)	2,448.76 (2,189.62–2,739.14)	7,388.18 (6,526.63–8,375.53)	2,019.31 (1,780.67–2,284.56)	−0.73 (−0.81--0.65)
European Region	5,402.49 (4,596.31–6,225.07)	516.07 (443.83–593.46)	8,772.83 (7,446.10–10,143.89)	515.11 (439.14–591.61)	0 (−0.02–0.02)
Region of the Americas	3,465.44 (3,035.34–3,916.53)	578.72 (508.18–653.84)	7,804.41 (6,811.32–8,890.97)	606.06 (528.48–689.43)	0.31 (0.26–0.37)
South-East Asia Region	18,463.51 (16,519.59–20,739.04)	3,164.64 (2,845.24–3,516.04)	42,470.22(37,804.18–47,934.33)	2,670.56 (2,392.28–2,983.25)	−0.21 (−0.32--0.1)
Western Pacific Region	7,823.88(6,870.43–8,863.16)	812.11 (718.04–911.24)	23,372.09 (20,245.80–26,654.52)	886.79 (770.18–1,008.6)	0.58 (0.4–0.76)
African Region	3,192.68(2,858.48–3,546.69)	1,633.24 (1,469.9–1,804.86)	6,849.73 (6,106.46–7,677.45)	1,585.09 (1,410.03–1,773.67)	−0.09 (−0.15--0.03)

Figure 1 The age-specific prevalence rate and DALYs rate of cataract by age and gender in China (A and B) and globally (C and D) in 2019. DALYs, disability-adjusted life years.

Figure 2 The age-standardized prevalence rate and burden of cataract in 1990–2019 by different regions (A and B), by different levels of income regions (C and D), by different levels of SDI regions (E and F). SDI, Socio-Demographic Index.

Figure 3 Proportion of cataract DALYs attributable to four risk factors, for global, China and 15 regions in 1990 and 2019 by sex: (A) Male, (B) Female. Injuries, and Risk Factors Study.

Abbreviation: GBD, Global Burden Diseases.

Figure 4 The change trends of the cataract-related disease burden by sex from 1990 to 2030 in China: (A) Male, (B) Female.