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Clinical Epidemiology Volume 16, 2024 - Issue
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SHORT REPORT

Smoking is a Risk Factor for Autoimmune Hepatitis: An English Registry-Based Case–Control Study

Lisbet Grønbæk1 Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark;2 Department of Medicine, Regional Hospital Horsens, Horsens, Denmark;3 Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UKCorrespondence[email protected]
ORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0626-179XView further author information
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Harmony Omeife3 Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UKView further author information
,
Lu Ban4 National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, the Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UKView further author information
,
Colin J Crooks5 Translational Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UKORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6794-6621View further author information
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Timothy R Card3 Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK;4 National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, the Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UKView further author information
,
Peter Jepsen1 Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark;3 Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UKORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6641-1430View further author information
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Joe West3 Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK;4 National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, the Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK;6 Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkORCID Iconhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1135-9356View further author information
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Pages 23-30 | Received 29 Sep 2023, Accepted 18 Jan 2024, Published online: 31 Jan 2024

Figures & data

Table 1 Characteristics of Cases with Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH) and Matched Controls at the Time of AIH Diagnosis and Characteristics Based on Their Smoking Status

Table 2 The Odds Ratio (OR) of Autoimmune Hepatitis Among “Ever-Smokers” vs “Never-Smokers” in Stratified Groups of Sex, Age, and Quintiles of Index of Multiple Deprivation

Figure 1 The odds ratio of autoimmune hepatitis among “ever-smokers” vs “never-smokers” overall and in strata defined by sex, age, and quintiles of Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD). Errors bars indicate 95% confidence intervals.

Figure 1 The odds ratio of autoimmune hepatitis among “ever-smokers” vs “never-smokers” overall and in strata defined by sex, age, and quintiles of Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD). Errors bars indicate 95% confidence intervals.

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