Neoadjuvant chemotherapy among patients treated for nonmetastatic breast cancer in a population with a high HIV prevalence in Johannesburg, South Africa

Figures & data

Figure 1 Age distribution of breast cancer incidence among women from Soweto, Johannesburg, and among US SEER Black and White women adjusted for Johannesburg population structure 2009–2011.

Abbreviation: SEER, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results.

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients by chemotherapy category

Patient characteristics	Chemotherapy category
	Neoadjuvant		Adjuvant		No chemotherapy		Total		p-value
	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
	195	35.2	264	47.7	95	17.1	554	100
Age group									<0.001
18–39	41	21.0	43	16.3	4	4.2	88	15.9
40–49	48	24.6	70	26.5	5	5.3	123	22.2
50–59	59	30.3	85	32.2	12	12.6	156	28.2
60–69	29	14.9	47	17.8	15	15.8	91	16.4
≥70	18	9.2	19	7.2	59	62.1	96	17.3
Ethnicity									0.984
Black	179	91.8	241	91.3	86	90.5	506	91.3
Asian	3	1.5	7	2.7	3	3.2	13	2.3
Mixed/colored	6	3.1	8	3.0	3	3.2	17	3.1
White	7	3.6	8	3.0	3	3.2	18	3.2
Clinical stage at diagnosis									<0.001
1A-B	0	0	21	8.0	11	11.6	32	5.8
IIA-B	17	8.7	204	77.3	52	54.7	273	49.3
IIIA-C	178	91.3	39	14.8	32	33.7	249	44.9
Tumor grade									<0.001
1	14	7.2	28	10.6	17	17.9	59	10.6
2	85	43.6	115	43.6	48	50.5	248	44.8
3	77	39.5	113	42.8	17	17.9	207	37.4
Missing	19	9.7	8	3.0	13	13.7	40	7.2
Histology on diagnosis									0.403
Invasive ductal carcinoma	181	92.8	251	95.1	88	92.6	520	93.9
Invasive lobular carcinoma	6	3.1	9	3.4	6	6.3	21	3.8
Mixed ductal/lobular	2	1.0	2	0.8	0	0	4	0.7
carcinoma
Others	4	2.1	1	0.4	0	0	5	0.9
Missing	2	1.0	1	0.4	1	1.1	4	0.7
Molecular subtype									<0.001
Luminal A	58	29.7	99	37.5	54	56.8	211	38.1
Luminal B1	23	11.8	38	14.4	8	8.4	69	12.5
Luminal B2	29	14.9	25	9.5	10	10.5	64	11.6
HER2-enriched	20	10.3	37	14.0	7	7.4	64	11.6
Triple-negative	51	26.2	54	20.5	9	9.5	114	20.6
No data	14	7.2	11	4.2	7	7.4	32	5.8
ER and PR expression									<0.001
ER+ alone	28	14.4	29	11.0	11	11.6	68	12.3
ER+ and PR+	77	39.5	124	47.0	65	68.4	266	48.0
PR+ alone	7	3.6	15	5.7	2	2.1	24	4.3
ER− and PR−	83	42.6	96	36.4	17	17.9	196	35.4
HER2 expression									0.744
HER2-positive	49	25.1	62	23.5	17	17.9	128	23.1
HER2-negative	149	74.9	202	76.5	78	82.1	426	76.9
Total	195	100	264	100	95	100	554	100
HIV status on blood test									0.008
Negative	140	71.8	181	68.6	60	63.2	381	68.8
Positive	31	15.9	41	15.5	8	8.4	80	14.4
Unknown	24	12.3	42	15.9	27	28.4	93	16.8

Abbreviations: ER, estrogen receptor; HER2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; PR, progesterone receptor.

Table 2 Multivariable logistic regression model of predictors of neoadjuvant versus adjuvant chemotherapy

Predictors	OR	95% CI	P-value
HIV status
Negative	1.00	Referent
Positive	0.73	0.3–1.8	0.49
Unknown	1.06	0.4–2.6	0.90
Age group
18–39	1.00	Referent
40–49	0.32	0.1–0.9	0.02
50–69	0.37	0.2–0.9	0.03
≥70	0.18	0.05–0.7	0.01
Stage at diagnosis
I & II	1.00	Referent
IIIA-C	79.62	39.6–160.0	<0.001
Molecular subtypes
Luminal A	1.00	Referent
Luminal B1	0.67	0.2–1.7	0.40
Luminal B2	1.42	0.5–3.8	0.49
HER2-enriched	0.48	0.2–1.2	0.13
TNBC	1.50	0.7–3.4	0.32

Abbreviations: HER2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; TNBC, triple negative breast cancer.