Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward the daily management of PICC in critically ill cancer patients discharged from intensive care units

Figures & data

Table 1 Respondent characteristics of included patients

Characteristics	Number of cases	%
Gender
Male	63	41.45
Female	89	58.55
Age (years)
20–39	21	13.82
40–59	74	48.68
60–79	57	37.50
Educational degree
Junior high school or below	65	42.76
High school or secondary school	60	39.48
College or above	27	17.76
Occupation
Worker	14	9.21
Farmer	56	36.84
Cadre	41	26.97
Freelance	39	25.66
Others	2	1.32
Medical payment mode
Public medical care	7	4.61
Health insurance	76	50.00
Rural cooperative medical care	58	38.16
Business insurance	6	3.95
Self-paying medical services	5	3.28
PICC indwelling time (days)
30–89	104	68.42
90–179	48	31.58
Current residence
Rural areas	45	29.61
Nonrural areas	107	70.39
Monthly per capita family income (Chinese yuan)
<1000	24	15.79
1000–3000	99	65.13
3000–5000	20	13.16
>5000	9	5.92
Cancer type
Head and neck cancer	26	17.11
Lung cancer	29	19.08
Gastrointestinal cancer	31	20.39
Breast cancer	20	13.16
Lymphoma	24	15.79
Others	22	14.47
Sepsis in ICU
Yes	42	27.63
No	110	72.37
Treated with mechanical ventilation
Yes	78	51.32
No	74	48.68
ICU length of stay, days
>7 days	55	36.18
<7 days	97	63.82

Abbreviations: ICU, intensive care unit; PICC, peripherally inserted central catheter.

Table 2 Clinical factors affecting patient scores on knowledge, attitude, and practice toward the daily management of PICC

Characteristics	PICC management knowledge	P-value	PICC management attitude	P-value	PICC management practice	P-value
Gender		0.141		0.204		0.192
Male	32.12±3.53		27.76±3.53		43.85±3.59
Female	33.04±3.99		28.42±3.08		44.70±4.27
Age (years)		0.019		0.089		0.015
20–39	34.29±4.01		29.52±3.54		110.43±9.35
40–59	32.85±3.86		27.92±3.38		104.70±9.67
60–79	31.68±3.42		27.84±2.65		103.47±6.64
Educational degree		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001
Middle school or below	31.12±3.40		27.46±2.92		43.08±3.36
High school/technical secondary school	33.07±3.40		27.78±3.14		44.28±3.97
College and above	35.19±4.00		30.40±2.94		47.33±3.86
Occupation		<0.001		0.002		<0.001
Worker	32.07±4.16		28.43±3.13		43.43±3.96
Farmer	31.01±3.25		26.84±2.69		42.66±3.39
Cadre	33.63±3.51		29.34±3.05		46.02±3.67
Freelance	34.13±3.89		28.56±3.47		45.23±4.20
Others	30.50±3.54		27.50±3.54
PICC indwelling time		0.001		0.005		0.009
30–89 days	31.55±3.39		27.63±3.08		42.89±4.38
90–179 days	34.92±3.63		29.19±3.40		44.49±3.79
Place of residence		<0.001		<0.001		<0.001
Rural areas	30.35±3.00		26.80±3.10		42.52±3.28
Nonrural areas	33.86±3.62		28.84±3.00		45.30±4.00
Monthly per capita family income (Chinese yuan)		0.388		0.733		0.063
<1000	32.80±3.38		27.76±3.33		43.28±3.10
1000–3000	32.23±3.79		28.01±3.20		44.26±4.08
3000–5000	33.67±4.17		28.67±2.88		45.93±4.03
>5000	32.70±3.80		28.40±3.69		43.00±3.88

Note: Data are presented as means±SD.

Abbreviation: PICC, peripherally inserted central catheter.

Table 3 Results of multiple stepwise linear regression analysis of factors influencing patient knowledge, attitude, and practice toward the daily management of PICC

Independent variables	Regression coefficient β	Standard error	Standardized regression coefficient β	t	P-value
Constant term	87.054	5.081	–	16.644	<0.001
Place of residence	4.494	1.689	0.245	2.661	0.009
Occupation	1.195	0.642	0.134	1.863	0.064
Age	−1.980	0.866	−0.153	−2.286	0.024
Educational degree	3.225	0.862	0.271	3.743	<0.001
PICC indwelling time	4.513	1.265	0.239	3.569	<0.001

Abbreviation: PICC, peripherally inserted central catheter.

Figure S1 Questionnaire for the assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practice toward the daily management of PICC among patients with malignant tumor.

Abbreviation: PICC, peripherally inserted central catheter.

Table S1 The four knowledge items with the lowest scores

Item numbers	Min	Max	Average score $(\overline{x}\pm \text{s)}$	Standard score $(\overline{x}\pm \text{s)}$
8	1	5	2.14±0.71	42.76±14.20
1	2	5	2.70±0.71	53.95±14.19
4	1	5	3.10±0.81	61.97±16.24
9	1	5	3.15±0.83	63.03±16.56

Abbreviations: Max, maximal value; Min, minimal value.

Table S2 The four attitude items with the lowest scores

Item numbers	Min	Max	Average score $(\overline{x}\pm \text{s)}$	Standard score $(\overline{x}\pm \text{s)}$
10	2	5	3.65±0.76	73.01±15.23
11	2	5	3.86±0.76	77.21±15.24
12	2	5	3.79±0.66	75.79±13.54
13	2	5	3.60±0.71	71.97±14.24

Abbreviations: Max, maximal value; Min, minimal value.

Table S3 The four practice items with the lowest scores

Item numbers	Min	Max	Average score $(\overline{x}\pm \text{s)}$	Standard score $(\overline{x}\pm \text{s)}$
18	2	5	3.57±0.67	71.44±13.54
19	2	5	3.12±0.83	62.37±16.59
25	3	5	3.89±0.60	77.89±11.99
26	3	5	3.74±0.58	74.74±11.68

Abbreviations: Max, maximal value; Min, minimal value.