EGFR-TKI-sensitive mutations in lung carcinomas: are they related to clinical features and CT findings?

Figures & data

Table 1 Clinical characteristics of patients in the EGFR-TKI-sensitive group and nonsensitive group

Characteristics	Nonsensitive group	Sensitive group	Total	P-value
Number of patients	455	362	817
Age (years) [mean ± SD]	64.2±10.7	63.4±10.2		0.241
Sex				<0.001
Male	324 (71.2%)	143 (39.5%)	467
Female	131 (28.8%)	219 (60.5%)	350
Smoking index				<0.001
=0	208 (45.7%)	280 (77.4%)	488
>0, ≤500	58 (12.8%)	40 (11.0%)	98
>500	189 (41.5%)	42 (11.6%)	231
Male				<0.001
Smoking index =0	78 (24.1%)	61 (42.6%)	139
>0, ≤500	57 (17.6%)	40 (28.0%)	97
>500	189 (58.3%)	42 (29.4%)	231
Nonsmoker				<0.001
Male	78 (37.5%)	61 (21.8%)	139
Female	130 (62.5%)	219 (78.2%)	349

Notes: We made a stratified analysis of sex and smoking index, respectively. Because smoking females were in the minority, we only analyzed the above two subgroups. The significant P-value is indicated in bold.

Abbreviations: EGFR-TKI, epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor.

Figure 1 The five types of tumor margin as seen on the CT images.

Note: (A) smooth; (B) lobulated; (C) spiculated; (D) angular; (E) obscured.

Abbreviation: CT, computed tomography.

Figure 2 The four special signs seen on the CT images.

Note: (A) pleural indentation; (B) air bronchogram; (C) cavitation; (D) calcification.

Abbreviation: CT, computed tomography.

Table 2 Clinical characteristics of patients with EGFR mutation subtypes

Characteristics	Wild-tpye	Exon 18 point mutation	Exon 19 deletion	Exon 20 mutation	Exon 21 mutation	Compound mutation	Total	P-value
Number of patients	448	4	176	7	175	7	817
Age (years) [mean ± SD]	64.3±10.7	69.8±8.3	61.8±10.0	59.0±11.0	64.6±10.1	68.0±10.5		0.032
Sex								<0.001
Male	321 (71.7%)	2 (50.0%)	66 (37.5%)	4 (57.1%)	73 (41.7%)	1 (14.3%)	467
Female	127 (28.3%)	2 (50.0%)	110 (62.5%)	3 (42.9%)	102 (58.3%)	6 (85.7%)	350
Smoking index								<0.001
≤ 0	204 (45.5%)	2 (50.0%)	137 (77.8%)	3 (42.9%)	136 (77.7%)	6 (85.7%)	488
>0, ≤500	57 (12.7%)	2 (50.0%)	20 (11.4%)	2 (28.6%)	17 (9.7%)	0 (0.0%)	98
>500	187 (41.7%)	0 (0.0%)	19 (10.8%)	2 (28.6%)	22 (12.6%)	1 (14.3%)	231

Note: The significant P-value is indicated in bold.

Abbreviation: EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor.

Table 3 CT features of patients with EGFR-TKI-sensitive group and nonsensitive group

Independent variable	P-value	OR	95% CI
Tumor size (mm)	<0.001	0.984	0.976–0.992
Margin
Smooth	0.015	0.341	0.144–0.810
Angle	<0.001	0.544	0.393–0.754
Special signs
Pleural indentation	<0.001	1.969	1.391–2.788
Air bronchogram	0.025	1.484	1.051–2.095

Note: The significant P-value is indicated in bold.

Abbreviations: CT, computed tomography; EGFR-TKI, epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor; OR, odds ratio.

Table 4 CT features of patients with EGFR mutation subtypes

Special signs of CT images	Wild-type	Exon 18 point mutation	Exon 19 deletion	Exon 20 mutation	Exon 21 mutation	Compound mutation	Total	P-value
Number of patients	448	4	176	7	175	7	817
Pleural indentation	267 (50.66%)	4 (0.76%)	123 (23.34%)	3 (0.57%)	128 (24.29%)	2 (0.38%)	527	<0.001
Air bronchogram	148 (50.68%)	3 (1.03%)	83 (28.42%)	2 (0.68%)	55 (18.84%)	1 (0.34%)	292	0.003
Cavitation	52 (63.41%)	0 (0.00%)	15 (18.29%)	0 (0.00%)	15 (18.29%)	0 (0.00%)	82	0.756
Calcification	71 (63.96%)	0 (0.00%)	21 (18.92%)	2 (1.80%)	16 (14.41%)	1 (0.90%)	111	0.151

Note: The significant P-value is indicated in bold.

Abbreviations: CT, computed tomography; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor.

Figure 3 Relationship between tumor size and EGFR mutation subtypes.

Abbreviation: EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor.

Table 5 Histological classifications in the EGFR-TKI-sensitive group and nonsensitive group

Histological classifications	Nonsensitive group	Sensitive group	Total	P-value
Number of patients	455	362	817	<0.001a
Adenocarcinoma	323 (71.0%)	337 (93.1%)	660
Squamous-cell carcinoma	105 (23.1%)	12 (3.3%)	117
Adenosquamous carcinoma	11 (2.4%)	11 (3.0%)	22
Large-cell carcinoma	2 (0.4%)	0 (0.0%)	2
Neuroendocrine carcinoma	9 (2.0%)	0 (0.0%)	9
Sarcomatoid carcinoma	3 (0.7%)	1 (0.3%)	4
Lymphoepithelioma	2 (0.4%)	0 (0.0%)	2
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma	0 (0.0%)	1 (0.3%)	1

Notes

a P-value was based on comparison between three histological types (adenocarcinoma, squamous-cell carcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma). The significant P-value is indicated in bold.

Abbreviation: EGFR-TKI, epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor.